tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-86672171830349564392024-02-08T08:27:21.854-08:00Essay writing questionsThe Perfect Job(Essay)Samplessandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-70413169319436414822020-08-25T03:28:00.001-07:002020-08-25T03:28:05.105-07:00Cango AnalysisReview: My underlying perception is that CanGo is an organization that has had some achievement up until this point. Liz and her organization have numerous extraordinary thoughts for the eventual fate of the organization. Be that as it may, they despite everything need to make a statement of purpose to show what the organization is attempting to achieve just as what they are about. Liz was given an honor, and just disregarded the story, since she had no clue about how CanGo came to where they are. There was absence of arranging, and didnââ¬â¢t even have a dream for her organization. CanGo has distinguished a developing pattern inside the gaming business that they need to use to bring them achievement, which is web based gaming. They just issue is that they have taken on a region that isn't inside their ordinary scope of business. Without taking a gander at the difficulties or dangers, CanGo has committed. SWOT: When investigating the SWOT examination of the organization. It is pitiful to state however the quality that I could think of is karma. Because of the absence of arranging, and numerous different regions, I am shocked CanGo has made the achievement that it has. Indeed, CanGo has a few representatives that recognize what they are doing, and helped add to that achievement. Be that as it may, in general I would state they had karma on their side. Sadly I have seen a wide exhibit of shortcomings for the organization. One of the greatest is correspondence. There isnââ¬â¢t any. At the point when they had a gathering to examine web based gaming, there were never any choices being talked about. It was, this will occur, trust you can bargain kind of circumstance, which prompts the vital administration of the organization, or for this situation scarcity in that department. The administration of the organization has no dynamic procedures, they simply hop in head first without searching for the outcomes or dangers. Truly, there are benefits, however you have to look into things before settling on impulsive choices. The organization contains numerous degrees of association and an assortment of individuals on their staff. Debbie is by all accounts the most proficient and composed of the gathering. She is happy to help other people, just as accomplish her own work. Scratch then again feels he is on everything and efficient. When in fact is exceptionally a long way from it. At that point there is Warren otherwise known as ââ¬Å"Coachâ⬠. He has an immediate methodology when conversing with his colleagues. Be that as it may, gives almost no rules. Another zone that requirements tended to is the hard working attitude of the representatives, just as giving assignments and errands to qualified people. The whole undertaking was fundamentally put on Nickââ¬â¢s shoulders. He isn't sorted out, and isn't set up for this sort of work. Proposals: The primary suggestion we have for the CanGo Company is to build up a crucial expert advancement program would help the CanGo staff in learning the key administration process. This program would likewise help in managing the brokenness between the Operations Manager and the staff. Through investigation of the key administration process, the Operations Manager would discover that reasonably troublesome objectives are bound to be met than unimaginable ones. His task for dealing with the whole internet gaming venture to one sloppy staff part, shows he needs this preparation. For instance, Liz expressed that their objective was to give clients a one-quit shopping experience. In this way, in a way expressed one territory of the strategic the organization. Going into the amusement administration of web based gaming is a stage off course, and would conflict with the statement of purpose. When giving out tasks, make a point to dole out it to the right employee(s). Giving a task to an inappropriate representative can represent the deciding moment the venture, particularly on the off chance that they have poor authoritative abilities. The administration additionally needs to finish and offer errands to the right individual, yet in addition provide more guidance. The Operations Manager should be more active. CanGo likewise declared a normal 500% expansion in orders during the Christmas season. Rather than making the online venture the most significant viewpoint or undertaking, they have to take a shot at the expansion and ensuring each zone is secured. The companyââ¬â¢s achievement did not depend on the web based gaming. They made their prosperity through their one-quit shopping site, and they have to manage the quantity of difficulties that they are being confronted with managing that. It is has a higher need just as is more in accordance with their business objectives for the organization. I would suggest making Debbie the Operations Manager for this venture. She is efficient, can help instruct how to best organize, just as unites everybody. I figure she would achieve more, since she can distinguish the issue absent a lot of trouble and makes explicit objectives for every individual for their day by day exercises. In addition she shows things in graphs, for example, a Gantt diagram, to tell everybody inside the gathering what should be done and what is a need. The last suggestion I would make is to have CanGo experience some correspondence changes. They have to make an understood interchanges way between everybody. In the event that somebody is overpowered or befuddled, they should have the option to pose inquiries. On the off chance that they are going to take on another undertaking, ensure it is examined. So you can discover all viewpoints, for example, challenges, dangers, and so on. References Prentice-Hall, Inc. , 2002. Class Videos. CanGo Quicktime Videos Week 1. Recovered on 05/07/09. Prentice-Hall, Inc. , 2002. Class Videos. CanGo Quicktime Videos Week 2. Recovered on 05/07/09. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-61975517896119984932020-08-22T03:06:00.001-07:002020-08-22T03:06:27.610-07:00Acculturation, Biculturism and Marginalization EssayRoss-Sheriff (2011) remarked that worldwide movement designs have * changed as a result of expansive social, political, monetary, and natural * inclines and clarified the reasons for the main thrusts were including war, * globalization, urbanization, and changing social standards with respect to social jobs and * duties (Ross-Sheriff, 2011). With these mind boggling patterns of movement * designs, Van Hear (2010) saw relocation as a procedure which was a basic part * of more extensive social changes, yet which likewise had its own interior elements with * different components identified with the moving procedure, molding social change in their * own way. Relocation was likewise connected in complex manners to class, sexual orientation, age, * ethnicity and other social variables, which were exemplified in positions in home and host * networks, and in work and household connections, which might all be * changed over the span of the transitory procedure (Van Hear, 2010). To comprehend this mind boggling procedure of relocation, particularly under changing conditions of one culture to another, it may be valuable to assemble reasonable devices for understanding these momentary procedures in movement examines and in sociology all the more broadly (Van hear, 2010). They additionally incorporate intervening specialists and changes that need likewise to be represented, just as convergences among class, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity and other social breaks just as the primary main impetuses of movement (Van Hear, 2010). Obviously there were other significant ideas, for example, relations among existence, between elements or procedures and results, and among structure and office that expected to get consideration (Van Hear, 2010). Be that as it may, it is difficult to talk about all extraordinary hypothetical ideas associated with various sorts of movement process in the present constrained examination. Or maybe, this examination attempted to concentrate on mental effects, for example, ethnic personality and confidence on movement through cultural assimilation forms especially on family-related relocation on the grounds that various examples of movement delivered various networks and brought about creating distinctive transient characters including differing levels of mental trouble (Jones, 2008). Further, hardly any experimental examinations have concentrated on transient grown-ups populaces. Most vagrants ID related written works would in general relate more for youths or small kids since personality development may be especially testing in this companion, particularly when the qualities and convictions of their natal culture varied altogether from those of the host society (Sodowsky, Kwan, and Pannu, 1995; as refered to in Farver, Narang, and Bhadha, 2002). Along these lines, this examination concentrated on ethnic character and self-ID issues of grown-up migrantsââ¬â¢ themselves inside a family structure as per distinctive hypothetical models applicable to adjustment of new societies, since family was the essential instrument in the general public (Nesdale, Rooney, and Smith, 1997). Truth be told, most social securing speculations created and developed in 1990s when universal relocation turned into a key issue in worldwide legislative issues toward the start of 1990s. As Castle (2002) contended that movement, improvement and global relations were firmly associated as relocation was a central point of change for both sending and accepting nations for various sorts of transients (Castle, 2002). With this viewpoint, this examination by and large centered around those movement culture obtaining hypotheses created in 1990 rather then taking a gander at current points of view in the latest written works, which really have advanced from these unique speculations in 1990s (Castle, 2002). As the discoveries from these exploration considers has had been blended or at times conflicting, it was essential to comprehend the specific idea of the connection between vagrant ethnic recognizable proof and the cultural assimilation process both should be indicated and evaluated appropriately with cognizant estimations and hypothetical presumptions (Nesdale et al. , 1997). Significant hypothetical ideas: ethnic personality, cultural assimilation, biculturism, and minimization. As per Phinney (1990; as refered to in Farver, Narang and Bhadha., 2002), ethnic personality and cultural assimilation were connected yet separate develops. Ethnic character includes an individualââ¬â¢s self-recognizable proof as a gathering part, a feeling of having a place with an ethnic gathering, mentalities toward ethnic gathering of enrollment, and level of ethnic gathering inclusion (Farver et al. , 2002). The term cultural assimilation was characterized in humanities as those wonders, which came about when gatherings of people having various societies came into consistent direct contact with resulting changes in the first example of either or the two gatherings (Redfield, Linton, and Herskovits, 1936; as refered to in Birman, 1994). In spite of the fact that cultural assimilation was an impartial term in this specific situation (that is, change may happen in either or the two gatherings), by and by, cultural assimilation would in general actuate a larger number of changes in one of the gatherings than in the other (Berry, 1990a; as refered to in Berry, 1997) Berry (1997) contended that in every single plural society, social gatherings and their individual individuals, in both predominant and non-prevailing circumstances, must arrangement with the issue of how to culturally assimilate. As indicated by Berry (1997), four cultural assimilation systems were presented: osmosis, detachment, underestimation, and incorporation. At the point when people don't wish to keep up their social personality and look for every day connection with other new societies, the absorption methodology is characterized. Conversely, when people place an incentive on clutching their unique culture, and simultaneously wish to maintain a strategic distance from communication with others, at that point the detachment is characterized (Berry, 1997). When there is an enthusiasm for both keeping up oneââ¬â¢s unique culture, while in day by day connections with different gatherings, incorporation is the choice; here, there is some level of social trustworthiness kept up, while simultaneously trying to take an interest as an essential piece of the bigger informal organization (Berry, 1997). Last, when there is little chance or enthusiasm for social upkeep (regularly for reasons of authorized social misfortune), and little enthusiasm for having relations with others (frequently for reasons of avoidance or segregation) at that point minimization is characterized (Berry, 1997). Be that as it may, this cultural assimilation classifications model has been censured methodologically (Rudmin, 2003, 2009; as refered to in Schwartz et al. , 2010) in light of the fact that every one of the four of Berryââ¬â¢s classes were spoken to similarly by making the in pairs grid of cultural assimilation classifications among high and low. Notwithstanding, the cut off point among high and low was self-assertive and would contrast across tests, making examinations across considers troublesome, bringing about the way that every one of the four classes existed and were similarly substantial (Rudmin, 2003; as refered to in Schwartz et al., 2010) and recommending that not all of Berryââ¬â¢s classifications may exist in a given example or populace, and that a few classifications may have numerous subtypes (Schwartz et al. , 2010). Specifically, Berry (1997) saw the term ââ¬Å"biculturismâ⬠as alluding to cultural assimilation that included the individual at the same time in the two societies that were in contact in integrative manners, which gave off an impression of being a steady indicator of more positive results than the three options of osmosis, division, or underestimation. Berry and his partners (Sam and Berry, 1995) surveyed the cultural assimilation methodologies of different migrant gatherings in North America and the outcomes demonstrated that bicultural people experienced less acculturative pressure, uneasiness and less mental issues altogether, while minimized people endured the most mental misery, incorporating issues with self-distinguishing proof and social estrangement, which antagonistically influenced their confidence (Farver et al. , 2002). In any case, Shiraev and Levy (2007) clarified acculturative worry as a pessimistic inclination that a minimized individual may understanding as an upsetting mental response to any new social condition dependent on the presumption that individual and gatherings experiencing any social and social change should encounter a specific measure of mental pain. For the most part, numerous early meanings of cultural assimilation concentrated on presentation to two societies all the while as a culture stun, which was a receptive condition of explicit pathology or shortage, as opposed to exploiting being bicultural (Berry and Annis, 1974; Shiraev et al., 2007). The legitimacy of underestimation as a way to deal with cultural assimilation by Berry (1997) was additionally addressed (Del Pilar and Udasco, 2004; as refered to in Schwartz et al. , 2010). Schawartz et al. contended that the probability that an individual would build up a social feeling of self without drawing on either the legacy or accepting social settings would be less inclined to. The minimization approach may be genuine just for the little portion of transients who dismissed both their legacy and accepting societies (Berry, 2006b). For sure, examines utilizing observationally based bunching strategies have discovered little or nonexistent underestimation gatherings and scales that endeavored to quantify minimization ordinarily had poor unwavering quality and legitimacy contrasted and scales for different classifications (Cuellar, Arnold, and Maldonado, 1995; Unger et al. , 2002; as refered to in Schwartz et al. , 2010). As portrayed before, the effect of vagrant ethnic personality on mental trouble had nearly assorted purposes of perspectives on the off chance that they were either adverse or constructive responses, contingent upon various hypothetical casings. For instance, Social Identity Theory (Tajfel and Turner, 2001) and Self-Categorization Theory (Turner, 1987) underlined more on the significance to people of their relationship with specific social gatherings. Social Identity Theory (Tajfel and Turner, 2001; as refered to in Yip, Gee, and Takeuchi, 2008) v sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-35390322409114576732020-07-28T10:09:00.001-07:002020-07-28T10:09:02.717-07:00High Rates of Marijuana Use Among PTSD SufferersHigh Rates of Marijuana Use Among PTSD Sufferers PTSD Coping Print High Rates of Marijuana Use Among PTSD Sufferers By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 09, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children PhotoAlto/Katarina Sundelin/RF Collection/Getty Images People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been found to be at risk for developing a number of other mental health problems, including depression, other anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and substance use disorders, including excessive marijuana use. Increased Rates of Marijuana Use One large study of more than 5,000 people across the United States found that the experience of PTSD at some point in a persons lifetime was associated with an elevated risk for also using marijuana. Specifically, of those who had PTSD at some point in their lifetime, 65 percent also had used marijuana at some point in their lifetime (compared to only 41 percent of people without PTSD) and 14 percent had used it in the past year (compared to 9 percent of people without PTSD). This study also found that the connection between PTSD and marijuana use was not due to the experience of other mental health problems or greater substance use in general among the people with PTSD. This means that there may be a specific connection between PTSD and the use of marijuana. Why PTSD and Marijuana Use Often Co-Occur One of the most popular theories with regard to why people with PTSD are more likely to use substances (such as marijuana) is the self-medication theory. According to this theory, people with PTSD may find it difficult to cope with and tolerate the intense and unpleasant symptoms of PTSD, such as intrusive thoughts and memories, sleep problems, hyperarousal, anger, and nightmares. As a result, people with PTSD may seek out ways to self-medicate their symptoms. Substances may be one way to get quick relief from PTSD symptoms; however, while substances may help people initially escape PTSD symptoms, substances dont effectively address the root of the problem, and the PTSD symptoms generally come backâ"and sometimes come back stronger. In addition, the frequent use of substances can cause other mental or physical health problems or interfere with certain aspects of a persons life. Marijuana Used for Self-Medication When it comes to marijuana, it seems like this self-medication theory may be correct. For example, it has been found that veterans with PTSD who also use marijuana say that marijuana is specifically used to reduce their PTSD symptoms, particularly the hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD. In addition, studies have also found that PTSD symptoms are associated with the use of marijuana to cope with unpleasant emotions, such as anxiety and sadness. Another study showed that difficulties tolerating unpleasant emotions contributed to the use of marijuana among people who were experiencing symptoms of PTSD. Managing PTSD Symptoms in a Healthy Way Marijuana use (or any other substance) is going to only bring about a temporary reduction of PTSD symptoms. The substances are not going to have a lasting effect on PTSD symptoms, and in some cases, they may even make them worse. In addition, the use of substances can lead to other problems (for example, loss of a job, relationship difficulties or mental health problems). Therefore, if you are using substances as a way of coping with your PTSD symptoms, it is important to learn other healthy ways of managing your emotions. In doing so, there may be less of a need to use substances as a way of coping. There are a number of healthy coping strategies that you can use to better regulate your emotions, as well as manage your PTSD symptoms. There are also treatments that have been specifically developed for people with PTSD who also struggle with substance use. Finally, even if you cannot find someone in your area who provides specialized treatments for PTSD and substance use, taking part in any established PTSD treatment may reduce your symptoms so that you feel less of a need to rely on substances to manage your symptoms. Finding Treatment If you are looking for PTSD treatment, there are a number of websites that can help you find PTSD treatment providers in your area. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-76912056381360260162020-05-22T14:24:00.001-07:002020-05-22T14:24:03.629-07:00George Orwells 1984 Essay - 1037 Words 1984 is a powerful work of George Orwell, but one of the key components to the book is the dream of Winston and how that dream relates to the book overall. Winston dreams of the deaths of his mother and sister. They were sinking in water, sacrificing their lives in some tragic, loving way to keep Winston alive. The dream then changes to the Golden Country, an idyllic setting. A girl runs towards him, carelessly tearing off her clothes in defiance of the Party. Winston wakens with Shakespeare upon his lips. Apart from numerous abstract details, Orwell uses concrete details. First, the appearance of Winstons parents is described. Winstons mother was a tall, statuesque, rather silent woman and Winstons father was dark and thin,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In 1984, no normal person had the level of love to die for a family member. However, in the dream of the better past, love was evident. The cruel knife of the Party had not yet cut the cord of family love. The death of the mother and sister was tragic. The death was described as being in a deep grave. Next, they seemed to be in a saloon of a sinking ship. The green water separated Winston from his family more and more. Though the concrete visual seems to merge on abstract ideas, the dream is definitely presented in a way to show the harsh nature of the death. The death was tragic. To Winston, tragedy belonged to an ancient time, a time when privacy, love, and friendship were common. In 1984, these positive attributes were replaced by fear, hatred, and pain. The change makes evident the backward ideology that continues to grow and grow, becoming crueler with time. Later in the book, OBrien describes the future with the image of a face being stomped on forever. However, in Winstons dream, the past is characterized by the embracing of a helpless child. Winston longs for a different, better life. The dream describes the nature of family loyalty. In 1984, the family structure seems to flip inside out. The children are largely in control of the family. As with the Parsons, the Junior spyShow MoreRelatedGeorge Orwells 19841168 Words à |à 5 PagesGeorge Orwell author of 1984 recently made it on Amazonââ¬â¢s list of ââ¬Å"100 books to read before you dieâ⬠for his widely read novel with thought provoking subjects like: the dangers of totalitarianism, physical control, psychological manipulation, manipulation of information and history, and technology. Through the themes in 1984, George Orwell demonstrates that a dystopian society created by totalitarian rule can infiltrate the minds of its citizens through various mediums. The famous novel falls intoRead MoreGeorge Orwells 19841138 Words à |à 5 PagesGeorge Orwellââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"1984â⬠perfectly captures a potential dystopia that would occur to the human race if a totalitarian government was present. As a result of this, Orwell identifies the purpose of the novel: to warn people what could possibly happen if they were not careful. A totalitarian government is similar to a dictatorship and demands complete obedience. Orwell focused on what type of plot would be most beneficial, how the plot would impact the audience, and how the subplot builds on a conflictRead MoreGeorge Orwells 19842185 Words à |à 9 PagesLiterary Analysis The author of the novel 1984, George Orwell, is a political critic. Therefore, he used very precise descriptions of situations and words to provide the reader a clear understanding of the entity he is criticizing. When Winston describes the destruction of past records to create new ones to Julia, he says: ââ¬Å"Every record has been destroyed or falsified, every book has been rewritten, every picture has been repainted, every statue and street and building has been renamed, every dateRead MoreThe Themes Of 1984 And George Orwells 19841237 Words à |à 5 Pages In many ways, George Orwell used real problems in the world to write his novels. Orwell lived through many events that inspired some of the main topics in his book, 1984. In 1984, George Orwell illustrates what a totalitarian society would be like. At the time that he wrote this book, many citizens of England were afraid of their government having too much power over them. Orwell wrote 1984 to warn the public of what a pow erful government can lead to. Even currently, 1984 can be related to differentRead MoreGeorge Orwells 19842208 Words à |à 9 PagesIn George Orwellââ¬â¢s 1984, the author utilizes Big Brother to showcase the immense power and influence the government has over its subordinates. The Party manipulates the people through inflicting fear, constant surveillance, and deprivation of knowledge, in order to oppress them from having incorrect ideas or behaviors that are not permitted in society. They are expected to live as respectful Party members, forcefully having to dedicate their lives to serving Big Brother. There are a plethora of charactersRead MoreThe 1984 Adaptation Of George Orwells 19842072 Words à |à 9 PagesCensorship in 1984 In the 1984 adaptation of George Orwellââ¬â¢s classic, Nineteen Eighty-Four, the director, Michael Radford, plays on the ideas of censorship and control of all citizens. As one of the biggest themes that is presented in the film, the Inner Party makes it their mission to stop all citizens of ââ¬Å"free thinkingâ⬠. Citizens are not allowed to think poorly of the government, nor are they allowed to think impure thoughts. Those who try to condemn the government, and those that question theRead MoreGeorge Orwells 1984 Essay706 Words à |à 3 PagesGeorge Orwells 1984 What look on humanity and human nature, if any, can be seen through this book, 1984? 1984 examines a future under the rule of a totalitarian society. One of the unique notes about Orwells 1984, is theRead MoreJustice in George Orwells 19841293 Words à |à 6 PagesJustice in 1984 The concept of justice is an important subject in George Orwellââ¬â¢s 1984. Justice is defined according to Plato as ââ¬Å"the interest of the strongerâ⬠. Justice plays a big role in 1984ââ¬â¢s society. Justice is understood differently by the protagonists of the text than how it is represented by the societies in which they live. In the novel 1984 by Orwell, an extremely controlling totalitarian government called The Party, rules the society. They have introduced Telescreens which monitorRead MoreTotalitarianism In George Orwells 19841028 Words à |à 5 PagesTotalitarianism Used in 1984 A dystopia is a society which is characterized by misery, oppression, and unhappiness. Likewise, a totalitarian government neither allow parties to have different opinions nor freedom with a centralized government, therefore totalitarianism and dystopian societies are similar. In 1984, written by George Orwell, Big Brother is a dictator who gives the Oceanian population no personal freedoms and strictly dominates all of the country for their own selfish ways. Unlike OceaniaRead MoreSymbolism In George Orwells 19841349 Words à |à 6 Pages Symbolism in 1984 Literary concepts are often used in books to make the reading experience more enjoyable. In George Orwellââ¬â¢s 1984, Orwell uses a key literary element, symbolism, to do this. Orwell does this in a unique way. He makes the reader want to think one way, when the reality is far different. This causes the reader to be surprised when the truth of the matter is revealed. He is able to do this by having certain objects represent one thing, and then later reveal it is something far different sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-47638838934710496172020-05-09T09:01:00.001-07:002020-05-09T09:01:03.223-07:00Essay on Cotton Mather and the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 Cotton Mather and the Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 took place in the Puritan community of Salem, Massachusetts. Cotton Mather, a clergyman in Salem, emerged throughout the course of the trials as a pillar of support and, ultimately, as a witch-hunter. However, his motives at the beginning of the trials were driven by his Puritanical reasoning which holds a strong belief in Biblical Law. Cotton Mather used his Puritanical faith to find reasoning in God that allowed the Salem Witch Trials to occur. Puritanism spawned from a reform group of the Church of England in the mid-sixteenth century. Puritans felt the need to make the Church of England pure from the corrupt influences of the Roman Empire.1 In their Newâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Once again, this opens the town of Salem to what they perceived as infiltration by the Devil, or deviation from Scripture. The Puritans used their faith and their faith alone to reason. They saw that God was the highest power, and that He should be the guiding light in life. However, the Salem Witch Trials could have come from this pious and narrow view of society. The clergy, including Cotton Mather, allowed and, at times, instigated the search and seizure of witches. Cotton Mather exemplified the essence of Puritan beliefs. He was originally from Boston, but he then moved to Salem, Massachusetts where he took the position of a clergyman. Mather authored many works on witchcraft throughout the course of the trials. Through his Puritanical belief, Mather embodied reasoning through faith. He wrote as the quintessential Puritan trying to rid humanity of its ills. These works included On Witchcraft and The Wonders of the Invisible World, as well as many letters he sent to fellow clergy on the subject of witchcraft. In his day, he was considered an authority on witchcraft due to his involvement in the well-publicized Salem Witch Trials. In a discourse from On Witchcraft, Mather defines witchcraft and shows how the Bible supports the existence of witchcraft as valid. According to Mather, witchcraft is the doing of strange (and for the most part ill) things by the help of evilShow MoreRelatedSalem Witch Hysteria And Trials1620 Words à |à 7 PagesSalem Witch Hysteria and Trials Joshua Furman History 121: Early America to the Civil War Dr. Phillip Hamilton November 18, 2015 The Salem Witch Trial consisted of heinous accusations implicated by Cotton Mather which effected society as a hole and gave reasoning to the numerous amount of witch stories we hear today. Cotton Mather was the eldest son of Increase Mather, Massachusetts most influential and well known Puritan minister, and the grandson of John Cotton, Salemââ¬â¢s spiritualRead MoreI Chose To Analyze The Primary Source Of ââ¬Å"The Wonders Of1192 Words à |à 5 PagesI chose to analyze the primary source of ââ¬Å"The Wonders of the Invisible World,â⬠written by Cotton Mather. He was born on February 12th of 1663 into a wealthy family of New England Puritan ministers. Cotton Mather started school at the age of twelve at Harvard College. He graduated and chose to become a member of the clergy but was unable to because of a speech impediment. He was able to overcome this however and a number of years later he was ordained in 1685. He became a very revered and influentialRead MoreCotto n Mather And Salem Witchcraft Trials1033 Words à |à 5 Pages Cotton Mather and the Salem Witchcraft Trials American Literature reveals that because of Cotton Matherââ¬â¢s writings there is knowledge of the Salem witchcraft trials in 1692. The research shows that most of the known stories and trials come from Cotton Mather. This essay will describe Cotton Mather, the Salem witchcraft Trials, and an insight on the information provided by Mather. Like his father before him, Cotton Mather took position as a pastor of the Second Church of Boston where he remainedRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials : Crisis1601 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials: Crisis in Salem Village Many people know of the Salem witch trials that took place in Salem, Massachusetts in the year 1692 spilling over into the year 1693. But for those who do not know, the Salem witch trials were a series of trials against men, women, and children accused of being a witch and or practicing witchcraft. In ââ¬Å"The Devils Snare: The Salem Witch Trials of 1692â⬠by Mary Beth Norton, the author recollects the stories of real life accounts of those accusers andRead MoreThe Social Psychology of the Salem Witch Trials1647 Words à |à 7 PagesAmanda Whitsett Robison History 1301 November 17, 2010 The Social Psychology of the Salem Witch Trials The events that took place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692 have had historians scrutinizing over the causes for years. There have been several theories about how the situation became so out of control. The haunting story is well known in America, taught to our youth and has been the focus of numerous forms of media. We are familiar with the story but unfamiliar with the origin of itsRead MoreThe Salem With Trials685 Words à |à 3 PagesSalem Witch Trials The 17th century was filled with mystery because of the strong beliefs in the supernatural powers and the presence of Satan on Earth in the colonial North America. Witchcraft, the use of magical faculties, was mainly used by the peasants with a particular charm of being associated with the evil spirits and demons to prosper in their agricultural activities. In fact, many literatures were written on witchcraft during that period. For instance, Joseph Glanvill in 1668, claimed toRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials : A Dark Stain Essay709 Words à |à 3 PagesDarty 1 Gina Darty Natalie Gray History 1301 September 28, 2015 Witching Hour In January 1692 the Puritan communities of Salem Town and Salem Village found themselves under attack by unknown assailants. Tales of witchcraft, ghost, and blood bonds with the Devil run rampant. Could it be that these God-fearing men, women, and children are now living within the Devilââ¬â¢s playground; or is something more sinister at work? Many saw these attacks as a battle for the eternal souls of their neighborsRead More Exploring Explanations for the Salem Witch Trials Essay1332 Words à |à 6 PagesBetween the years of 1692 and early 1693 in the colonial Massachusetts Bay colony of Essex known as Salem Village great paranoia broke out in the form of witchcraft accusations, neighbor against neighbor, and as a result much injustice was done. During this time in our nationââ¬â¢s history at this place more than one hundred and fifty people, residents of Salem Village, were accused of practicing witchcraft and consorting with the devil. At least twenty were put to death nineteen by hangingRead MoreAccusation And Defense Of The Salem Witchcraft Trials1658 Words à |à 7 PagesRESEARCH PAPER Accusation and defense in the Salem witchcraft trials Suraj Gamal History 1301-73001-73002 JOE L. MCCAMBRIDGE - HISTORY 1301-1302 One of the most infamous Trial in history took place on March 1, 1692. According, to the Library of Congress, Massachusetts authorities catechized Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and an Indian Slave, Tituba regarding their practice in witchcraft. The trial resulted in more than 150 men and women in and around Salem jailed on charges of practicing WitchcraftRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Is Unknown1590 Words à |à 7 Pages It is due to contrasting views and opinions that the real cause of the Salem Witch Trials is unknown. It is through major factors like the personal context of the historian that there are these differing thoughts. The people and society that a person is surrounded by for an extended amount of time can help to mold and create the personal opinions that a historian may hold. Historianââ¬â¢s thought have been shaped and changed by the people and places that they spent a large amount of time around, they sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-44764803042991951982020-05-06T10:09:00.001-07:002020-05-06T10:09:23.854-07:00Fundamental Positions Free Essays Carinosa â⬠¢Is a Philippine dance of Hispanic origin from the Maria Clara suite of Philippine folk dances, where the fan or handkerchief plays an instrumental role as it places the couple in romance scenario.. Folk dance â⬠¢Is a form of dance developed by a group of people that reflects the traditional life of the people of a certain country or region. We will write a custom essay sample on Fundamental Positions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Folk dancing originated in the 18th century to distinguish dance forms of common people from those of the upper classes. Folk dances, unlike most other dance forms, tend to have no stringent rules, and are sometimes formed spontaneously among groups of people. The steps of folk dances are passed through generations, rarely being changed. Folk dancing is usually associated with social activities, although some folk dances are performed competitively. Terminology â⬠¢Is the study of terms and their use. Terms are words and compound words that in specific contexts are given specific meanings, meanings that may deviate from the meaning the same words have in other contexts and in everyday language. The discipline Terminology studies among other things how such terms of art come to be and their interrelationships within a culture. Terminology differs from lexicography in studying concepts, conceptual systems, and their labels (terms), whereas lexicography study words and their meanings. Terminology is a discipline which systematically studies the labeling or designating of concepts particular to one or more subject fields or domains of human activity. It does this through research and analysis of terms in context for the purpose of documenting and promoting consistent usage. 5 Fundamental Positions â⬠¢Standing Fundamental Position â⬠¢Knee-standing Fundamental Position â⬠¢Sitting Fundamental Position â⬠¢Lying Fundamental Position â⬠¢Hanging Fundamental Position How to cite Fundamental Positions, Papers sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-10684333365042409472020-04-28T19:51:00.001-07:002020-04-28T19:51:02.738-07:00Jimi Hendrix Essays (402 words) - Jimi Hendrix, Jimi Hendrix .) He then disppeared from the public until it was arranged that he and the band play in an event at the Magical Garden of the Haleakala Crater on the Hawaiian island of Maui. Later that month in 1970, without stopping to rest, the Band of Gypsys traveled back to New York in celebration of the grand opening of Electric Lady, the studio which Hendrix had always dreamed of creating. Recorded in this studio was the very last album before the death of Hendrix, ?Cry of Love?. To finish paying the costs of the newly opened studio, Hendrix was forced to return to touring (Hendrix 120). The traveling never seemed to end; from New York, the band was on their way to Europe where they were to begin another exhausting series of concerts. They were tired, and in England they faced non-stop rain and an uncontrollable audience. The tour pressed on and the three members of the group made their way to Stockholm, Gothenburg, Denmark, Copenhagen, Berlin, and finally the Isle of Fehmarn in Germany where the concert took place on September 6, 1970. It turned out to be a disaster filled with a crowd of angry German bikers. The crowd actually chanted go home to Hendrix (Hendrix 145). After the tour was dragged out to its end, Hendrix returned to England to stay with his girlfriend Monika Dannemann. He tried his best to remain in peace and missed important meetings pertaining to his contracts and other career business (Wolters n.p.). The life of this amazing man ended on September 18, 1970 when he was but twenty-seven years old. He became ill from a mixture of wine and quinalbarbitone, a sleeping pill prescribed to his girlfriend. When the ambulance was called, they rushed to his London hotel and dashed him back to the hospital where he was pronounced dead on arrival. The attendants had carelessly laid him on his back and Hendrix suffocated in his own vomit (Rolling Stone Magazine n.p.). Fortunately, the tragic death of this young man came after he had contributed so much to the rock 'n' roll era of the 60s. Not only did he inspire black musicians to persevere in their careers, but he also influenced the entire pop culture with his music and performances. In the eyes of many Americans, the legendary rock music guitarist Jimi Hendrix will live on forever Music sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-36603384331306632902020-03-20T06:13:00.001-07:002020-03-20T06:13:03.202-07:00Fibonacci Sequence EssaysFibonacci Sequence Essays Fibonacci Sequence Essay Fibonacci Sequence Essay Fibonacci Sequence Fibonacci, also known as the Leonardo of Pisa, born in the early 1770ââ¬â¢s AD in Pisa, Italy, has had a huge impact on todayââ¬â¢s math, and is used in everyday jobs all over the world. After living with his dad, a North African educator, he discovered these ways of math by traveling along the Mediterranean Coast learning their ways of math. With the inspiration from the ââ¬Å"Hindu-Arabicâ⬠numerical system, Fibonacci created the 0-9 number system we still use to this day. One of his most important and interesting discoveries is probably what is known as the Fibonacci sequence. It goes like this: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, and so on. He discovered this sequence through an experiment on an over population and breeding of rabbits. He then realized that if you add the last two numbers together you get the next one. The Fibonacci sequence can be found almost anywhere including: architecture, economics, music, aesthetics, and most famously known, nature. For example the way seeds are arranged on a sunflower or pinecone, uses the Fibonacci sequence to prevent over crowding. It can also be seen in spiral galaxies, shells, the way water falls on a spider web, and even in your own body. Did you know that if you go from the bone in the tip of your finger to itââ¬â¢s middle it should be two fingernails long, followed by the base at about 5 fingernails, and the final bone goes all the way to about the middle of your palm which is the length of about 8 fingernails? : There are other example of this in your body to such as a DNA strand is 34 by 21 angstroms. Mozart uses it in his world-known sonatas by how many measures he puts in each section of his music. Or on a piano, if you look at the scale, there are 13 keys, 8 are white, and 5 black, which are split into groups of 2 and 3. When it comes to architecture, itââ¬â¢s been used as early as 2,560 BC on the Great Giza Pyramids. Leonardo DaVinci always tried to use this sequence throughout his artwork to, due to its aesthetic appeal. As for economics, some people believe that the stock market follows a sequence like Fibonacciââ¬â¢s but this is still being strongly debated. Yet even today, Fibonacci is known as the greatest European mathematician of the middle ages and will never be forgotten for his math contributions. I believe we are just discovering how many uses there really are for the Fibonacci Sequence, and Iââ¬â¢m excited to see how they will evolve and become an even bigger part of our daily lives. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-16196858518986456352020-03-03T21:58:00.001-08:002020-03-03T21:58:03.512-08:00A Creative Way to Get Paid for TalkingA Creative Way to Get Paid for Talking In a recent Funds for Writers issue, Hope continued her steady mentorship of us writers But, we all cry, how do we get our names out there in the world? How will anybody ever know about the fabulous books we have written if we dont talk to every audience that will have us? I have hit on an easy solution to the event-doesnââ¬â¢t-want-to-pay problem, so I wanted to share it. It started as just an experiment, but was so successful that I have used it half a dozen times since and plan to employ it whenever I have the chance. Many of the groups that invite me are chapters of charitable organizations or civic groups. That means they operate on very tight budgets and dont have the means to pay much of a speakers fee. Im not talking Madeleine Albright or Carly Fiorina ââ¬âlevel payments here ($50,000 and $73,000, respectively), but a modest $250 honorarium plus travel expenses. So, instead of an honorarium, I have asked the organizers to buy one book for every attendee at their conferences and programs. I offer to sell the books to the group at deep discount, books that I purchased at an even deeper discount from the publisher. The group can then build the cost of the volume into the registration fee. This is a fairly painless price tag for both the sponsoring organization and the participant, and attendees get to walk away with some pretty substantial swag. To illustrate: I purchase books for $5 each from the publisher. I charge the groups $10 each - still far less than the list price of $28.95. In an audience of fifty people, I can make $250, precisely what I would have earned had I charged an honorarium, and much more than I would have netted from royalties ââ¬â at $1.20 per book, only $60. And, of course, since royalties depend both on sales and the speed of calculating those sales at the publishing house, those payments arrive in my checking account much more slowly than the check from the host group does. In fact, if I must fly to the speaking gig, I ship the books ahead. The check arrives before I even pack my bags. So, you see, my method yields quicker and greater results. Not bad for a few hours of time. Even better, people have my book in their hands. If they like what they read, they may be more likely to buy my next book, especially when they have had the opportunity to meet the author and discuss the book with her. Isnt that the point of getting out there to speak in the first place? Finally, a bonus: I get the books out of my house! (I know you have cases of books in your closet/attic/basement, too.) sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-36978184792922460702020-02-16T13:25:00.001-08:002020-02-16T13:25:02.714-08:00Gender Based Violence in Immigrant Families Research ProposalGender Based Violence in Immigrant Families - Research Proposal Example This research paper will examine the amount of gender based violence that occurs among immigrant families and what the root cause is from those living in this domestic environment. Basis of Gender Based Violence The importance of gender based violence of immigrant families living in Italy is not only created from the basic problems associated with the acts of violence. The concept also links to cultural associations that create an acceptance of the acts of violence. The association with Sub ââ¬â Sahara Africa is one of the links that is created from this. Marital authority is a common association of those living from the region, leading to spouses not carrying specific rights in the family and a lack of rights which are available, specifically to women, living within the household. The result is a direct link to honor killings, sexual violence, criminal abuse and relations to intra-familial violence. The violence is not only related to the cultural beliefs but often causes women to not receive help because of the associations with culture and the rights of each spouse within the household. result is a direct link to honor killings, sexual violence, criminal abuse and relations to intra-familial violence. The violence is not only related to the cultural beliefs but often causes women to not receive help because of the associations with culture and the rights of each spouse within the household. The immigrants which come to Italy often donââ¬â¢t link to criminal proceedings and are likely to not respond to the gender based violence, instead causing harsh conditions to continue to subside until medical assistance is needed (Barazzetti, Garreffa, Marsico, 2007). The complexity of gender based violence of Sub-Saharan Africans in Italy has become a compound problem because of the association with culture. Reporters are stating that the difficulty is the honor based violence and killing based on gender is acceptable among the culture and is therefore not able to create the right responses from those within the families. It is noted that 32% of women living in Italy have suffered from a form of violence with 80% of this being inside the home. However, only 10% of women from various cultures state that the gender based violence are a crime, while the other 90% believe it is an acceptable form of status that is within the household. It is also being stated that because of this mentality, the forms of domestic violence are continuing to rise with many overlooking the violence within their own household or becoming a part of the crimes based on honor violence and killings (Momigliano, 2010). Domestic Violence among Immigrants in Italy While there a re many that believe the gender based violence is acceptable, there are also figures which show that the hindrances of this form of violence is continuing to rise within Italy, specifically among different cultural groups. It is noted that there are 69% of rapes which are conducted by a family member or friend while only 6% occur by strangers. It has also been found that almost 50% of the rapes occur by immigrants and within the same household. It has also been found that over 60% of women have suffered from domestic violence which is gender based while only 26% have considered this a crime. An average of 21% of women that have reported the violence as a crime say they have been unsatisfied with the responses from the police with little to no help available. The main problem is shown through women that are immigrants and which receive discrimination within the household and from police as well as a lack of policies available for all women who are suffering from domestic vio sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-91562482677730019022020-02-02T21:02:00.001-08:002020-02-02T21:02:03.045-08:00Puritan Settlement in New England in the 17th Century Research PaperPuritan Settlement in New England in the 17th Century - Research Paper Example Robinson 2005). This essay will examine Puritan settlement in New England in the 17th century asking the following questions: Who were the Puritans? Where and why did they settle in the New World? What type of settlements did they create? What was their effect on the newly emerging country? The Puritans were English followers of the French religious reformer, John Calvin (Bremer 1995; Bunker 2010). In the 16th and 17th centuries, England (indeed, all of Europe), had been involved in fierce battles over religion, most particularly the supremacy and legitimacy of the Catholic Church. Wars within and between countries over this burning conflict ââ¬â whose fire was continuously rekindled by the sparks from myriad particular events ââ¬â were commonplace until the 18th century. Arguably, the peak of the confrontation in Britain occurred with the English Civil War from 1642-51, which saw the regicide of King Charles I by the Parliament (which was essentially under the influence of t he Puritans), the establishment of a republican Commonwealth in effect under Puritan rule, and the re-establishment of the Monarchy under James II in 1660. The term ââ¬Å"Puritanâ⬠was initially meant as an insulting term, but was later embraced by the English Calvinist Protestants (Bunker 2010; Heyrman 1991). Puritan referred not to moral priggishness (cf. Robinson 2005), but to being sticklers with regard to religious doctrine. They were called Puritans those who disagreed with the Religious Settlement proclaimed by Queen Elizabeth I in 1559, as being not reformed enough from the ââ¬Å"Popishâ⬠practices of Catholicism with its rituals, hierarchy, and spiritual intermediaries (Bremer 1995). The Puritans believed that God had commanded the reform of both church and society. They condemned drunkenness, gambling, theatergoing, and Sabbath-breaking. They denounced popular practices rooted in pagan custom, like the celebration of Christmas, and deplored the ââ¬Å"corruptio nsâ⬠of Roman Catholicism that still pervaded the Church of England ââ¬â churches and ceremonies they thought too elaborate, and clergymen who were poorly educated (Heyrman 1991). The Puritans were not driven by mere doctrinal purity, but by a sincere belief that the millennium, or end of the world, was near, and that they must prepare for Christââ¬â¢s return by building his Church and society here on Earth (Zakai 1994). Puritanism became a strong force in England (indeed, throughout Europe), with many powerful members of English society, including Members of Parliament, aristocrats, and middle class merchants as adherents (Bunker 2010). Equally, if not more, powerful members of English society, including the Monarchy, were against the movement (Bremer 1995). Importantly, most Puritans did not see themselves as separate from the Church of England, but rather as a reforming force within the English Church. As such, Puritanism was not a denomination, and in fact many Presb yterians, Quakers, and Congregationalists were part of the Puritan movement (Bremer 2010). After the death of Queen Elizabeth, the Puritans unsuccessfully tried to persuade the new King James to implement more than 30 changes in the Church to take it down a more Puritan path. This ââ¬Å"Millenary Petitionâ⬠was rejected, except for the request to translate the Bible into English (Bunker 2010). Without hope of reforming the English Church from within, and with the expected coming of Christ sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-7316126515094607452020-01-25T17:26:00.001-08:002020-01-25T17:26:05.537-08:00Gender Stereotypes in Young ChildrenGender Stereotypes in Young Children à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦Sugar and Spice and everything nice, thats what little girls are made of. Society today has made a clear cut line about what is appropriate for a little boy and what is appropriate for a little girl. Society has made that distinction through gender stereotyping. If you walk into a preschool class room today, little girls will be playing dress-up with fairy and princess costumes while the boys will be tackling each other or playing with dump trucks. Even though many people believe that gender is not learned, but instinctual instead, there may be outside influences on gender roles that children fall victim to, for example parents influence gender roles by the language they use and media and toys reinforce gender stereotypes in children by character portrayal and advertisements. There are many different parenting styles that are seen today. Psychologist Diana Baumrind discovered four basic styles of parenting; authoritarian, permissive-indifferent, permissive-indulgent, and authoritative (Morris, 310). Regardless of the parenting style that one family opts for, there seems to be a common thread; the majority of parents will dress little boys in blue and little girls in pink. The thought process behind this is so that their gender can be identified properly by an outside source. No parent wants to be walking through a store with their little boy and have a stranger ask, How old is she? Interestingly enough however, according to the article Whats Wrong with Cinderella? author Peggy Orenstein points out when colors were first introduced to the nursery in the early part of the twentieth century, pink was considered the more masculine hue, a pastel version of red. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, was thought to be dainty. Somewhere along the line, the reverse was thought true; pink was more feminine and blue was more masculine, and is so enforced by todays standards. Another example of how strongly parents influence gender was learned when an experiment was performed at Harvard University. Male babies were dressed in pink outfits and were then given to adults to handle under the impression that they were girls. The language used with the boy babies dressed in pink fell into the female stereotype, while the girl babies dressed in blue fell into the male stereotype, being called handsome and tough (Pruett). Language is a big influence on gender interpretation. Often we tell boys not to cry and explain things with different tones for boys versus girls. If a little girl hits a friend, parents/caregivers might use a gentler phrase like, gentle hands on your friends please. If a little boy hits a friend, parents/caregivers might just shrug the action off as Boys will be boys as the common saying goes or raise their voices to get the point across more strongly, We DO NOT hit our friends! Even the compliments that adults bestow upon children can be gender stereotyping. When you tell a little a girl how pretty she looks in her dress is an illustration of that. Parents lead by example. Their children learn behavior from what they see their parents doing, even if unintentional. If a child sees their mother as the one who always does the laundry and cooks the meals and the father as the one who always takes the trash out, then chances are that the child will follow the same roles when as they grow up. Media also plays a large part in where children learn about what their gender role is. Disney movies are a prime example of this. In these movies, the leading female character, usually a princess, is sweet, romantic, daydreams about Prince Charming, and almost always wears a dress in a pastel color. On the other hand, the same Disney movie can represent the male population watching with a prince, who is usually strong, willing to fight, and always gets the girl at the end. These characters often lead to a misconception of what is feminine and what is masculine. On the spectrum of gender identity, Disney may represent the extremes of what the appropriate gender role is. Advertisements are often seen using gender as a marketing strategy for toys or games. If you look at a commercial for Tonka Trucks, there wont be a little girl to be seen in these ads. However, if you see a commercial for Easy-Bake oven, the opposite will be true. There will be no boys in those commercials. Seeing these on television demonstrates to children what should be an appropriate toy for a little boy and what should be appropriate for a little girl. Even the behaviors of children portrayed in television advertisements are stereotypic. Boys are often seen as active and domineering while the girls are portrayed as shy or overly silly. These advertisements usually lead to the purchase of the toys shown for the sex it was targeted to. Parents often wonder if you give a baby doll to a little boy or a dump truck to a little girl, will they be gender confused. Even the most new-age parents might find it bizarre to see their little boys walking around preschool with a purse and in dress shoes. Boys have a harder time crossing the gender line, whereas some parents of females might think that its alright for their daughters to play with dump trucks or Legos. This does not mean that the son will be more feminine and the daughter will be a tom-boy, but a majority of parents do not want to risk that. Not everyone believes, however, that gender is strictly a learned behavior. In 2009, Texas AM University used eye tracking software to measure infants interest in either male or female toys (Shaffer). According to an article published in 2010, the author M. Fox, found the results to be extremely informative: Hormone levels in the saliva, as well as finger dimensions that indicate prenatal testosterone exposure were measured to see if these things could explain why the infants visually preferred certain toys over others. The results revealed that while the girls preferences werent affected by hormone levels at all, the boys preferences were affected by both current and prenatal hormone levels. It appears that the higher the presence of testosterone at the time of the test, the greater the preference for groups of figures over individual figures, and those who indicated a higher exposure to prenatal testosterone had a stronger preference for the ball over the doll. This means that the boys showed an optical penchant for gender specific toys. In an article in New Scientist, Linda Geddes states that research has been done to show that the introduction of changing levels of testosterone and estrogen while babies are in utero may also have some sway in which toys boys and girls pick. There are other theorists that believe that there is a cognitive connection to gender development. Carol Lynn Martin and Diane Ruble are two such theorists. They discuss Kohlbergs theory of gender development is and what the impact is of knowing your gender does not change. This is an important fact for children to learn, generally setting the concepts of what is correct behavior for your gender type. Martin and Ruble think that there are important cognitive themes for gender development, rather than the influence of a specific outside source. The first important theme discussed is The Emergence of Gender Identity and Its Consequences. In this stage, it is allegedly general knowledge that children understand that there are two different types of genders, and they have the realization that they fall into one of those two categorizing sexes. This first theme is then broken down into two sub-categories, Evaluative Consequences and Motivational and Informational Consequences. The former meaning that the child understands and identifies one group as their own and sees this group as a positive. The latter sub-category means that one the child picks a gender to identify with and while the want to understand the opposite sex dwindles, the individual seems only interested it their own gender identity. The second theme that is thought to be a cognitive gender identity link is Active, Self-Initiated View of Gender Development and the final theme is Developmental Patterns. In these two themes, the thought is that the main focus is learning about the social gender group that they most identify with, and forming and developing the characteristics that are most familiar with the identified gender. While exploring the cognitive connection to gender, many place a strong association to motivational significances and developmental configurations of the gender identity theory. Even though many theorists believe that gender is not a learned behavior, but you are born knowing the difference between appropriate male behaviors and toys and appropriate female behaviors and toys, others disagree. Those people state that there are many possible outside influences on children when they are learning their gender roles in society. Some also believe that being aware of specific gender stereotypes has a connection to how one behaves. The media and toys that children do see and use play an intricate part in the concept of gender roles and parents influence gender identity by using specific language and actions. Whether or not gender is identity is solely obtained by influence or is pre-determined by some cognitive connection, it is an intriguing issue. Should boys and girls be able to make the choice of the toy that they want to play with or what their favorite color is going to be regardless of what society claims is normal? With the role that parents or caregivers pl ay in gender role identification, they should learn different methods for breaking stereotypes. Adults could make sure that they use the same language for both sexes or become involved in activities such as cuddling with boys or wrestling with girls. Connecting children of both sexes in such a manner is a good way to encourage the cycles of gender stereotyping to end. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-50234772806368970082020-01-17T13:50:00.001-08:002020-01-17T13:50:04.548-08:00Reviewing Films Depicting Supremacy of Artificial Intelligence EssayThere is without a shadow of a doubt that we are now living in a time when there is almost nothing we cannot accomplish. The outbreak of high technology all around the world is soaring, and day by day, improvements on what is already highly intelligent devices are being developed. From computers, to cellular phones, to MP3 players, everything has been made accesible to man. Because of this technology, man can bask in his creations and marvel at the genius that he has invented through the years. Half a decade ago, todayââ¬â¢s technology wouldnââ¬â¢t have even been deemed as possible. Yesteryearââ¬â¢s most advanced technological developers probably wouldnââ¬â¢t have even dreamed of the possibilities of what we now have today. But such is the development of the human mind: our intelligence is further developing and increasing, being able to establish new concepts and ideas to be used for our own benefits. Indeed, with this highly advanced technology, we are further establishing ourselves as the dominant species of the planet. For us, we are in charge of our own destinies, and no species of another kind can tell us otherwise. But one is lead to ponder about the marvels of our own creations. What if the articifial intelligence we created were able to evolve themselves? What if these computers suddenly became self-aware, and starts acknowledging its own existence? It is true that we are the one who controls the technology, but what if the technology were able to control itself? If it became self-aware, what if, all of a sudden, it starts to refuse to follow its human creators? And if not the computers themselves, what if one person controlling these technologies started using them for their own ulterior motives? With our main defenses relying on technological advances, what if these advances were suddenly used against us? Would the humans still be able to lay its claim as the rulers of the earth when a something else establishes themselves as more intelligent and dominant? Such is the fear that some of us have: the fear of having our own technology turned against us. We fear the idea that perhaps someday, these computers that we have in our homes would become intelligent enough to start recognizing its own existence. In the early nineties, technophobia became rampant among the adults, although this fear was largely based on the misconceptions on computers being too overly complicated. Still, for some people, the advancements in technology is reason for them to be cautious about our own inventions. Creating Technopobia in Movies Since early in the 1980s, there have been a string of movies depicting highly advanced technology being used woefully and without any regard towards others. These movies often show state-of-the-art gadgets or creations, which are used against the protagonists to further cause ruin and devastation. Oftentimes these gadgets are used for the wrong reasons, and with its infinite possibilities, it creates the fear that maybe what we have created may not be totally beneficial to us, and could possibly create more harm than help in the long run. Perhaps the most popular among the movies that came out during the eighties that depicted this theme was the 1984 movie Terminator, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger as a human cyborg sent back in time. In the future, Skynet, a computer system fights a losing war against the humans who built it, and who it nearly exterminated. Just before being destroyed, Skynet sends a Terminator back in time to kill Sarah, the mother to be of John Connor, the Leader of the human resistance. The terminator can pass for human, is nearly indestructible, and has only one mission: killing Sarah Connor. One soldier is sent back to protect her from the killing machine. He must find Sarah before the Terminator can carry out itââ¬â¢s mission (MGM. com). This movie portrays Skynet as a super computer, one that is capable to making decisions for itself. The super computer becomes self-aware, and recognizes the human race as a threat to its existence. It therefore wages a war against all of mankind, which almost led to the anniliation of the entire planet. In 1998, the movie ââ¬ËEnemy of the Stateââ¬â¢ provided a different insight on abusing highly advanced technology. Robert Dean, the main character of the story, is just a successful and gutsy labor lawyer when he runs into an old college friend who was a big hurry. Unknown to him, that friend secretly drops a disc and viewer containing footage of a political assassination overseen by the senior advisor to the National Security Agency. Unfortunately, that politician soon learns what Dean has in his possession and secretly uses the vast resources of the NSA to find, investigate and stop him before he goes public. Soon, Dean finds himself on the run, with his assests frozen, his loved ones watched and actively hunted by NSA agents using all the survellience technology they have available. Not knowing what is going, Dean must stay one step ahead while trying to figure out the cause of this mess (Yahoo! Movies). This movie dwells on the idea of government surveillance and the invasion of our personal privacy by the government. We see from the movie that these technological advances could be easily used against us, and just as it could make our lives easier, it could also make it extremely difficult. We also find that if technology were to be used the wrong way, then those in power could have a commanding control over our very lives. Another movie that depicted computers going against humans was the highly acclaimed ââ¬ËThe Matrixââ¬â¢. Thomas A. Anderson is a man living two lives: by day he is an average computer programmer and by night a malevolent hacker known as Neo. Neo has always questioned his reality but the truth is far beyond his imagination. Neo finds himself targeted by the police when he is contacted by Morpheus, a legendary computer hacker branded a terrorist by the government. Morpheus awakens Neo to the real world, a ravaged wasteland where most of humanity have been captured by a race of machines which live off of their body heat and imprison their minds within an artificial reality known as the Matrix. As a rebel against the machines, Neo must return to the Matrix and confront the agents, super powerful computer programs devoted to snuffing out Neo and the entire human rebellion (Whatisthematrix. com). The movie is almost identical to the concept of the Terminator, in which there is a computer mind that becomes self-aware of its own existence. Knowing that it has the power of technology, it sees the human race as disposable, and decides to take over and control the entire world. When Neo met Morpheus, he was awakened to the fact that they were being used by the computer systems as mere batteries to continue sustaining their own power. And it was up to them to reawaken the rest of the world from this nightmare that is the Matrix. The Fear of Control What these three films had in common was theme of technology taking over the human lives. The films shared similar highly advanced technology that in one way was very helpful, but at the other end caused problems that were catastrophic. This is what we are afraid of; that maybe perhaps at some point, our own creations would backfire on us and cause a lot of harm towards society, and it would perhaps be unstoppable when it happens. Perhaps what motivates the persistence of these kinds of themes is the fact that we all know that this fantasy that they try to present could and might become possible in the future. Fifty or so years ago, our technology today wasnââ¬â¢t even thought of as possible. A lot of things are being developed today that our predescessors couldnââ¬â¢t have possibly dreamed of back in the day. Nowadays, the sky is the limit. The human race is making every dream come to life, developing newer and better technology every single day. So deep inside, we know that this threat of computers taking over is not a long shot. We see that perhaps someday, artificial intelligence would become this advanced as to be self-aware. And if this happens, whatââ¬â¢s gonna stop them from taking over the world and eliminating the human race? In terms of humans going against fellow humans using technology, we ourselves could be comparable to this technology. Donna Haraway mentions how we are like the cyborgs, which are both part machine and part organism. She further states: In short, we are cyborgs. The cyborg is our ontology; it gives us our politics. The cyborg is a condensed image of both imagination and material reality, the two joined centres structuring any possibility of historical transformation. In the traditions of ââ¬Å"Westernâ⬠science and politicsââ¬âthe tradition of racist, male- dominant capitalism; the tradition of progress; the tradition of the appropriation of nature as resource for the productions of culture; the tradition of reproduction of the self from the reflections of the otherââ¬âthe relation between organism and machine has been a border war (Harraway, 516). With the peer-to-perr capabilities of networked computer communication today, it is likely to have a major impact on both the film and music business. Depending on how this technology is used, it could have either a postive or negative effect on these industries. Everything could be made easier with technology, films and music could be produced with relative ease, and everything to be made more accesible. On the other hand, changing the sytems could mean doing things a lot different, which could cause a chain reaction among those who are involved. Business could be done more efficiently, but it could leave people out of jobs. Human work might be replaced by much more efficient computers doing their jobs, and that could have an effect on the economy of the country. Looking back, technology has certainly come along way since back in the old days, when all of this conveniences didnââ¬â¢t exist. It is easy to picture people being intimidated by these advancements, due to its infinite potential. Depending on how it is used, it could be very good for all of us, or it could be catastrophic to all. Only time will tell whether these technological improvements would come back to haunt us in the long run. Works Cited Enemy of the State. Yahoo! Movies. Retrieved 3 June 2008 from http://movies. yahoo. com/shop? d=hv&cf=info&id=1800021531 Haraway, Donna. ââ¬Å"A Cyborg Manifesto. â⬠The New Media Reader (1985). pp. 515-541. The Matrix Trilogy. Whatisthematrix. com. Retrieved 3 June 2008 from http://whatisthematrix. warnerbros. com/ The Terminator. MGM. com. Retrieved 3 June 2008 from http://www. mgm. com/title_title. php? title_star=TERMINAT sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-76380173350712087422020-01-09T10:13:00.001-08:002020-01-09T10:13:03.682-08:00Visiting a Champagne Cellar in Reims Champagne cellars are one of the major attractions in the gorgeous city of Reims (pronounced R in(nasal) sss). Follow along on this journey to a wine cellar in this easy bilingual story designed to help youà learn French in context. Visiting A Champagne Cellar Si vous à ªtes à Reims, il faut absolument que vous visitiez les caves dââ¬â¢une des nombreuses maisons de champagne de la rà ©gion.à Les sià ¨ges dââ¬â¢un grand nombre de maisons de champagne sontà situà ©s à Reims, et beaucoup proposent des dà ©gustations. Pendant un aprà ¨s-midi, nous avons visità © les caves de la compagnie G. H. Martel Cie, qui sont situà ©es à 1,5 km au sud-est de la cathà ©drale, une promenade agrà ©able à pied. Un des employà ©s, un homme plaisant qui sââ¬â¢appelle Emmanuel, nous a accueillis et il a immà ©diatement dità : Descendons aux cavesà ! If you are in Reims, you absolutely must visit the cellars of one of the numerous champagne houses in the area. The headquarters of a large number of champagne houses are located in Reims, and many offer tastings. During an afternoon, we visited the cellars of G. H. Martel and Co, located 1.5 km southeast of the cathedral, an enjoyable walk. One of the employees, a pleasant man named Emmanuel, welcomed us and immediately said: Letââ¬â¢s go down to the cellars! Nous avons descendu un escalier à ©troit et nous nous sommes retrouvà ©s dans un rà ©seau de caves qui est situà ©s à environ 20 mà ¨tres sous le sol. Au quatrià ¨me sià ¨cle, les Romains ont creusà © les caves au-dessous de Reims pour obtenir la craie qui à ©tait utilisà ©e pour la construction de leurs bà ¢timents. De nos jours, il y a plus de 250 kms de ces caves, et beaucoup servent à maintenir le champagne à tempà ©rature pendant le vieillissement. Lââ¬â¢avantageà ? Un environnement dans lequel la tempà ©rature et lââ¬â¢humidità © sont bien contrà ´là ©es. We descended a narrow stairway and found ourselves in a network of cellars which are situated about 20 meters below ground. In the fourth century, the Romans dug the cellars below Reims to obtain chalk which was used for the construction of their buildings. These days, there are more than 250 kms of these cellars, and many serve to maintain the champagne at temperature during the aging process. The advantage? An environment in which the temperature and humidity are well controlled. Emmanuel nous a expliquà ©s que la production de champagne est soigneusement rà ©gulà ©e. Si lââ¬â¢on peut lire à «Ã Appellation dââ¬â¢Origine Contrà ´là ©eà à » sur à ©tiquette, on sait que le vin a à ©tà © produit selon des rà ¨gles rigoureuses, par exemple la classification du terroir oà ¹ les raisins sont cultivà ©s, le rendement à la vendange, le rendement au pressurage, le vieillissement, et la quantità © dââ¬â¢alcool, parmi dââ¬â¢autres à ©là ©ments. La culture des raisins doit se faire dans les vignobles de la rà ©gion Champagne-Ardenne, et la production entià ¨re du champagne doit à ©galement y avoir lieu. Emmanuel explained to us that the production of champagne is carefully regulated. If one can read ââ¬Å"Appellation dââ¬â¢Origine Contrà ´là ©eâ⬠on the label, you know that the wine has been produced according to strict regulations, for example the classification of the land where the grapes are grown, the yield of the harvest, the yield from the wine pressing, the aging process, and the volume of alcohol, among other components. The growing of the grapes must be done in the vineyards of the Champagne-Ardenne region, and the entire production of the champagne must also take place there. En gà ©nà ©ral, il y a seulement 3 cà ©pages qui sont utilisà ©s dans la production de champagneà : le chardonnay, le pinot noir, et le pinot meunier. Typiquement, un champagne consiste en un mà ©lange de deux ou trois cà ©pages. Et donc, la particularità © du vin, sa saveur, sa couleur et son bouquet, est dà ©terminà ©e, au moins quelque peu, par les compà ©tences et la crà ©atività © du viticulteur pendant le mà ©lange. In general, there are only 3 grape varieties that are used in the production of champagne: chardonnay, pinot noir, and pinot meunier. Typically, a champagne consists of a mixture of 2 or 3 grape varieties. And so the defining feature of the wine, its taste, its color, and its bouquet, is determined, at least a little, by the skill and creativity of the wine maker during the mixing. Ce qui donne au champagne son caractà ¨re, cââ¬â¢est les bulles. Selon la mà ©thode champenoise, une double fermentation est utilisà ©eà : la premià ¨re en cuves pour à ©laborer lââ¬â¢alcool, et une deuxià ¨me dans la bouteille elle-mà ªme pour produire la gazà ©ification. What gives champagne its character are the bubbles. According to the mà ©thode champenoise, a double fermentation is used: the first in vats to produce the alcohol, and a second in the bottle itself to produce the gasification. Le biscuit rose de Reims est presque aussi connu que le champagne lui-mà ªme. Cââ¬â¢est une tradition en France de tremper ce petit biscuit dans votre flà »te de champagne. Le goà »t là ©gà ¨rement sucrà © du biscuit se combine bien avec le goà »t sec du champagne, et les deux suscitent un dà ©lice inà ©galableà ! The pink biscuits of Reims are nearly as well known as the champagne itself. It is a tradition in France to dip the small biscuit in your flute of champagne. The light, sweet taste of the biscuit combines well with the dry taste of the champagne, and the two provoke an unsurpassable delight! sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-44258379084281279712020-01-01T06:39:00.001-08:002020-01-01T06:39:03.076-08:00The Significance of Kokoda - 1187 Words The significance of Kokoda for Australianââ¬â¢s can be seen in many different ways. In a strategic sense and also in a symbolic sense. Firstly, the Kokoda Campaign saved Australia from possible invasion, or more precisely from being isolated from the United States of America . Secondly, Kokoda was the battle that lead to victory in the Second World War, as well as to improvement of Australiaââ¬â¢s post-war practices and military operations. Symbolically, the Kokoda Track will be remembered when Australiaââ¬â¢s think of the Second World War, just like when you think of the First World War, the landing at Gallipoli looms large, both have captured the Australian imagination. Each year five thousand Australians take up the mentally and physicallyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As the Kokoda fighting began in July 1942 , the scheme of both sides was in transition. The Japanese felt it was time to defend their gains, and halt the fighting and advancing. But the Allies were thinki ng differently. Having massive amount troops, ships, aircraft and supplies in New Zealand and Australia, they made the decision to launch a counterattack to defend and retake some of the islands that were occupied by the Japanese. Papua had no particular resource that they desired, but it was a useful link in the chain of defences of the newly conquered area of Japan. So because Japan was quickly gaining new lands closer to Australia, posing a threat to Australiaââ¬â¢s safety, the battle of Kokoda was the most important Australian-fought victory, in terms of winning the war. The campaign helped to shape Australiaââ¬â¢s post-war training practices and military operations. Although it was not they first victory against Japan, it allowed the allies to make thrust forward through ââ¬Ëisland hoppingââ¬â¢ and ultimately win the war. Kokoda was the battle that ended Japanââ¬â¢s dominance and permitted the Allies to go on the offence. Australia greatly learned from their Koko da experience, and subsequently improved their strategic thinking. They learned to not purely rely on naval defences, and realised that they cannot just let other countries dot the fighting. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦the modern Australian professional army wasShow MoreRelatedAustralia s Involvement For The Australian War1353 Words à |à 6 PagesJanuary 1943, the events of the Kokoda Trail Campaign and the Battle of the Beachheads took place on what was once the Australian territories of Papua and New Guinea. Good morning, I am Lee Varnes, and I am representing the Australian War Memorial to inform you of the significance of Australiaââ¬â¢s involvement in the Papua Campaign. I will be discussing the reasons behind Japanââ¬â¢s invasion of Papua, the course of the campaign, the outcome of the campaign and the significance it had on the Australian peopleRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War1455 Words à |à 6 Pagesdifferent conflicts that itââ¬â¢s almost impossible to point to a single battle as a turning pointâ⬠During the war some turning points for the Allies were; The Fall of Singapore, The Bombing of Darwin, The Battle of the Coral Sea, The Battle of Midway and The Kokoda Campaign. The United States Forces also played a big role in the war in The Pacific Theatre and the turning points for The Australian Forces. The Japanese Bombing of Pearl Harbour on 7th December 1941 was the starting point of the war in The PacificRead MoreAustralian History Essay - Contributions in World War 21753 Words à |à 8 Pagesundeniably came in the campaign in Papua New Guinea, in the Pacific Theatre of War. This was fought against the feared Japanese forces, and it was there that the Japanese sustained their first land defeat, and according to Paul Ham, who wrote the book Kokoda (2004) it was ââ¬Å"the start of the great roll-back of the Japanese troopsâ⬠. The Australian troops, with very little aid from any other country, managed to stop the Japanese advance across islands in South East Asia. In doing this they were able to playRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words à |à 104 Pagesfelt like istory had turned a corner and never going back * stock market * black Thursday November 24 1929 * the jazz age * a speakeasyyyyyyy How significant were the Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20ââ¬â¢s allowing the market to strive over lots of trading and the purchase of shares, but was also an unstable market, as the government had no control over what it did and sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-72860416431759080232019-12-24T02:25:00.001-08:002019-12-24T02:25:03.120-08:00Essay on Adult Justice System vs. Juvenile Justice System Adult Justice System vs. Juvenile Justice System Versus CJ150: Juvenile Delinquency Josh Skaggs There are many similarities and differences between the adult and juvenile justice systems. Although juvenile crimes have increased in violence and intensity in the last decade, there is still enough difference between the two legal proceedings, and the behaviors themselves, to keep the systems separated. There is room for changes in each structure. However, we cannot treat/punish juvenile offenders the way we do adult offenders, and vice versa. This much we know. So we have to find a way to merge between the two. And, letââ¬â¢s face it; our juveniles are more important to us in the justice system. They are the group at theyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The legal portion of the constitution is built on ââ¬Å"innocent until proven guiltyâ⬠. It establishes fairness and equality to the people. As a contrast, there are many differences between the adult and juvenile justice system. These differences consist of the right to a jury, the right to post bail, lenien cy of evidence, different court proceedings, the right to a public trial, and rehabilitation efforts. As for the purpose of this paper, we will dissect the differences of the two systems. Many appeals have been filed under the notion that a right to a jury should be upheld for juvenile offenders. The courts have voted against this action time and time again. These appeals are made on the assumption that, as noted earlier, adult crimes should be tried as adult crimes. However, the court rules on this matter while keeping the rehabilitation efforts of the juvenile courts in mind, as opposed to the more punitive measures. Their desire to see kids treated as kids are defined with their upholding of the law, and pushing rehabilitation to its max. But should rehabilitation be the prime focus when the act is of adult capacity; even in a childââ¬â¢s body? I do not think so. What are the percentages of rehabilitation success with adults for committed capital offenses? How are th ey going to differ when a child partakes in them? I think there is aShow MoreRelatedJuvenile vs Adult Justice System Essay989 Words à |à 4 PagesAdult Justice v Juvenile Justice System There is no question that if a person is involved in any type of crime they will at some time make their way through the justice system. However, when that person is an adolescent they will go through the juvenile justice system, as an adult would go through the adult justice system. Even though the crimes of each can be of the same manner or hold the same severity the punishment results can differ. The main reason for having the two different justiceRead MoreJuvenile Rehabilitation: Adult Prison vs. Juvenile Incarceration1703 Words à |à 7 PagesJuvenile Rehabilitation: Adult Prisons vs. Juvenile Incarceration Maureen Fries-Labra English 122 Anna Hopson December 14, 2009 Juvenile Rehabilitation: Adult Prisons vs. Juvenile Incarceration The criminal justice system has a branch for juvenile offenders. Established in the early twentieth century; it is the responsibility of this division to decide the fates of youthful offenders. This is administered by family court with support of social workers and family. With the increased numberRead MoreShould The Texas Criminal Justice System Be Legal?1375 Words à |à 6 Pagesbeen known to have a strict criminal justice system. The justice system in Texas used to hang criminals for serious crimes they were convicted of doing. Texas has never been faced with the question we face them with today. Should the Texas criminal justice system be able to charge juveniles as adults in trials when faced with serious charges? Prosecutors are using both sides of this argument to their advantage. In Texas, the Juvenile Law states that, ââ¬Å"a juvenile is defined as a person who is not oldRead MoreJuvenile Vs Juvenile915 Words à |à 4 PagesJuvenile v. Adult Corrections Juvenile delinquents use to not face police or a correction system, only the fear and punishment of their families. However, as the juvenile delinquents aged they were faced with harsher punishments, but it was not until the 1800s reformers started looking for ways to teach values and built asylum and training schools. Then the concept of parens patriae occurred to establish the right to intervene in a childââ¬â¢s life when there were issues (Siegel, 2016). The next majorRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Prevention Act Of 19741576 Words à |à 7 Pagesexploring the internet on juvenile delinquents. We as a class have had many good questions to answer about the different ways juveniles are treated, and what the correct or incorrect treatment is for juveniles. We have written many papers and had many discussion on historical milestones, landmark cases, adult courts, juvenile courts, probation and parole, detention centers and juvenile training programs. This semester has really ch anged the way that I look at juvenile delinquents. Three historicalRead MoreJuveniles and The Death Penalty Essay1604 Words à |à 7 PagesJuveniles and The Death Penalty *No Works Cited One of the most controversial issues in the rights of juveniles today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles? For nearly a century the juvenile courts have existed to shield the majority of juvenile offenders from the full weight of criminal law and to protect their entitled special rights and immunities. In the case of kent vs. United states in 1996, Justice Fortas stated some of these special rightsRead MoreSimilarities and Differences Between the Juvenile Justice and Adult Criminal System835 Words à |à 4 PagesRunning Head: JUVENILE V. CRIMINAL 1 Juvenile Justice System V. Criminal Justice System Ronda Cauchon CJ150-01 Professor Abreu Kaplan University October 9, 2012 JUVENILE V CRIMINAL 2 Juvenile Justice System V. Criminal Justice System In the earliest of times, juvenile offenders were treated theRead MoreJust Mercy Essays : Juveniles Being Tried As Adults1407 Words à |à 6 Pagesto Bryan Stevensonââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Just Mercyâ⬠stories of juveniles being tried as adults, Jason Zeidenberg in the article ââ¬Å"The Risks Juveniles Face When They Are Incarcerated with Adultsâ⬠strongly emphasizes the dangers and consequences that juveniles face when they are tried as adults. Zeidenberg states the consequences of juveniles being raped, assaulted, committing suicide and the effects of being victimized. Children who are housed in the same facility as Adults is not a good idea nor a good mix, accordingRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : Should Severity Of Punishment For Young Offenders Be The Same As Adults?1200 Words à |à 5 PagesJuvenile Delinquency: Should Severity of Punishment for Young Offenders Be the Same as Adults? Throughout centuries of development, crime and social safety are still the biggest concerns for a country since it can influence the political, economic, and social aspects. With the evolution of human civilization, more than seventy percent of the world has been urbanized into developed countries. These countries contain advanced technologies, highly-comprehensive policies and economic system. Along withRead MoreJuvenile Justice System And Adult Justice Systems1589 Words à |à 7 Pagesbe discussing both the juvenile and the adult justice systems. There are several differences between the two systems, which may surprise you. I will be discussing many aspects within the justice systems. These include Terminology, Due Process rights, the process of Arrest to Corrections, Juvenile crime compared to Adult crime, age limits and waivers for the adult system and the different community correctional options, which are available to the offenders. The two systems share many of the same terms sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-71984585221819651612019-12-15T22:54:00.001-08:002019-12-15T22:54:04.070-08:00Dental Abscess And Anatomy Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays Abscesss are normally caused by specific micro-organisms that invade the tissues, frequently by manner of little lesions or interruptions in the tegument. An abscess is a natural defence mechanism in which the organic structure attempts to place an infection and ââ¬Å" palisade off â⬠the micro-organisms so that they can non distribute throughout the organic structure. There are at least three types of alveolar consonant abscesses that resemble each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Dental Abscess And Anatomy Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is their point of beginning that differentiates them. A gum or gingival abscess is the consequence of hurt to, or infection of, the surface of the gum tissue. If an infection moves deep into gum pockets, drainage of Pus is blocked and a periodontic abscess consequences. A periapical abscess refers to a tooth in which the mush is infected, normally secondary to tooth decay. Causes and Risk Factors of Dental Abscesses An abscess may happen when bacteriums invades the dental mush ( the nervousnesss and blood vass that fill the cardinal pit of the tooth ) , doing the mush to decease. This most normally happens as a consequence of dental cavities, which destroy the tooth ââ¬Ës enamel and dentin, leting bacteriums to make the mush. Bacteria can besides derive entree to the mush when a tooth is injured. Failure to handle an septic dental nervus normally leads to breakdown of the bone around the root with the formation of an abscess or pit filled with Pus. The abscess is called ague or chronic, depending on how quickly it forms and how efficaciously the organic structure defends itself. An acute abscess is characterized by hurting, swelling, and febrility. A chronic abscess may be painless, with the patient wholly incognizant of its presence even as it continues to turn inside the lower jaw. Or the country of infection may be walled off by a hempen pouch, organizing a granuloma, which contains non-infectious ( unfertile ) tissue but non pus. Most of the pathological lesions and tips of roots are granulomas, but it is common pattern to mention to all such conditions as abscesses. Since granulomas are normally painless and really slow-growing, they are discovered merely by agencies of dental x-ray scrutinies. Unless the whole tooth is severely decayed, the tooth can be saved by root canal therapy. RADIOGRAPH SHOWING PERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENCY Symptoms of Dental Abscesses Pain is gnawing and uninterrupted. The involved tooth is painful when percussed ( tapped ) , and frequently the dentitions can non shut without added uncomfortableness. Hot nutrients may increase the hurting. If intervention is delayed, the infection may distribute through next tissues, doing cellulitis, changing grades of facial hydrops, and fever. The infection may distribute to osteal ( bony ) tissues or into the soft tissues of the floor of the oral cavity. Local puffiness and gingival fistulous witherss may develop opposite the vertex of the tooth, particularly with deciduous ( impermanent ) dentition. Drain into the oral cavity causes a acrimonious gustatory sensation. Abscesss from lower grinders may run out at the angle of the jaw. A chronic periapical ( at or around the vertex of a root of a tooth ) abscess normally presents few clinical marks, since it is basically a limited country of mild infection that spreads easy. A odontalgia that is terrible and uninterrupted and consequences in gnawing or throbbing hurting or crisp or hiting hurting are common symptoms of an abscessed tooth. Other symptoms may include: Fever Pain when mastication Sensitivity of the dentitions to hot or cold Bitter gustatory sensation in the oral cavity Foul odor to the breath Swollen cervix secretory organs General uncomfortableness, uneasiness, or ill feeling Redness and puffiness of the gums Swollen country of the upper or lower jaw An unfastened, run outing sore on the side of the gum If the root of the tooth dies as a consequence of infection, the odontalgia may halt. However, this does nââ¬â¢t intend the infection has healed ; the infection remains active and continues to distribute and destruct tissue. Therefore, if you experience any of the above listed symptoms, it is of import to see a tooth doctor even if the hurting subsides. Diagnosis of Dental Abscess Your tooth doctor will examine your dentitions with a dental instrument. If you have an abscessed tooth, you will experience hurting when the tooth is tapped by your tooth doctor ââ¬Ës investigation. Your tooth doctor will besides inquire you if your hurting additions when you bite down or when you close your oral cavity tightly. In add-on, your tooth doctor may surmise an abscessed tooth because your gums may be swollen and ruddy. Your tooth doctor may besides take X raies to look for eroding of the bone around the abscess. Treatment of Dental Abscesses in Deciduous tooth Definition: pulpectomy involves the remotion of the root and the mush chamber in order to derive one to root canals which are debrided, enlarged and disinfected. Technique 1.give equal local anesthesia 2.apply gum elastic dike to insulate the country. 3.remove all the carious dentin. 4.penetrate the mush chamber with aid of slow velocity unit of ammunition bur. 5.remove the mush tissue with all right barbed brooch and take the on the job length X ray. 6.complete the bio-mechanical preaparation and avoid over instrumentality. 7.avoid utilizing Gatess glidden drills, sonic and supersonic instruments because in primary dentitions there are increase opportunities of perforation due to narrow and slight canals. 8. voluminous irrigation is necessary to blush out dust and Na hypochlorite is the preferable irrigant. 9.now topographic point the paper point moistened with formocresol about for five proceedingss to repair any staying tissue. 10.after this remove the paper point and make full the canal with zinc oxide eugenol cement.there after, tooth is restored with unstained steel Crown. COMMONLY USED MATERIAL FOR FILLING THE CANALS ARE: Zinc oxide eugenol Iodoform paste Calcium hydrated oxide Zinc oxide paste Treatment of Abscess Tooth in Permanent Tooth It is of import to find which type of abscess is present so that the appropriate intervention may be rendered. In all three types of abscesses, the Pus must be drained. Antibiotics may be prescribed if systemic symptoms such as febrility and swelling in the lymph secretory organs are present. ( Mouth infections frequently affect the lymph glands in the cervix part. ) Deep cleansing will be undertaken for gum pocket ( periodontic ) abscesses. Schemes to extinguish the infection, continue the tooth, and prevent complications are the ends of intervention for an abscessed tooth. 1 ) To extinguish infection, the abscess may necessitate to be drained. Achieving drainage may be done through the tooth by a process known as a root canal. Root canal surgery may besides be recommended to take any morbid root tissue after the infection has subsided. Then, a Crown may be placed over the tooth. 2 ) The tooth may besides be extracted, leting drainage through the socket. 3 ) To run out the abscess would be by scratch into the conceited gum tissue. Antibiotics are prescribed to assist contend the infection. To alleviate the hurting and uncomfortableness associated with an abscessed tooth, warm salt-water rinses and nonprescription hurting medicine like isobutylphenyl propionic acid ( Advil or Motrin ) can be used. The redness and hurting of abscesses may be relieved with a low-level optical maser, doing the patient more comfy to have the injection in a more painless manner. As diabetics are prone to the spread of infection, abscesses should be brought to the attending of their tooth doctor so that prompt intervention may be begun. By and large, an analgetic ( pain-reliever ) such as acetylsalicylic acid or acetaminophen entirely or with codeine is needed. Bed remainder, a soft diet, and fluids may be necessary. Failure to handle an abscess can take to serious infection as the Pus spreads. Fever and malaise intensify when the infection penetrates the bone marrow of the jaw, bring forthing osteomyelitis. Prompt antibiotic therapy and surgical intercession in more utmost instances are normally successful in restricting the abscess or osteomyelitis, although frequently non before extended and lasting harm has been done. An abscessed tooth is a painful infection at the root of a tooth or between the gum and a tooth. It ââ¬Ës most normally caused by terrible tooth decay. Other causes of tooth abscess are trauma to the tooth, such as when it is broken or chipped, and gingivitis or gum disease. These jobs can do gaps in the tooth enamel, which allows bacteriums to infect the centre of the tooth ( called the mush ) . The infection may besides distribute from the root of the tooth to the castanetss back uping the tooth. and continues to distribute and destruct tissue. Therefore, if you experience any of the above listed symptoms, it is of import to see a tooth doctor even if the hurting subsides. Preventions Following good unwritten hygiene patterns can cut down the hazard of developing a tooth abscess. Besides, if your dentitions experience injury ( for illustration, go loosened or chipped ) , seek prompt dental attending The ends of intervention are to bring around the infection, save the tooth, and prevent complications. Prognosis ( Expectations ) Untreated abscesses may acquire worse and can take to dangerous complications. Prompt intervention normally cures the infection. The tooth can normally be saved in many instances. Complications Loss of the tooth Mediastinitis Sepsis Spread of infection to soft tissue ( facial cellulitis, Ludwig ââ¬Ës angina ) Spread of infection to the jaw bone ( osteomyelitis of the jaw ) Spread of infection to other countries of the organic structure ensuing in encephalon abscess, endocarditis, pneumonia, or other complications How to cite Dental Abscess And Anatomy Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-77609046115494815572019-12-07T19:38:00.001-08:002019-12-07T19:38:03.223-08:00Teachers Learning Professional Development and Education Question: Discuss about the Teachers Learning for Professional Development and Education? Answer: Introduction The learning context in this chapter finds variable position of personal and professional development that develops various skills, knowledge, objectives and behavior in this research. To make this idea evident, I will find a definite area that will make my development good on varied sections of learning content. It would also reflect to my future development programs that would assess various skills and learning content through suitable programs. The research study analyzes how development would lead to various opportunities in future. This would master my learning capabilities through experiences made on various performance build for a suitable outcome. Thus, the learning emphasis would make an analytical approach through various activities made to deliver in this research. I would also perform various objectives of Personal and professional development linking the variables through a background and a process. In order, a learning outcome would also pounder to make the research eve ntful. Activities In this research, I would find an area that would make my experiences good on Personal and professional development. Here, the activities to be performed are: Experience of group presentation performed that may be either group work or presentation Activity undertaken as an exercise in class or skills development workshops Activity undertaken in part-time or voluntary work or extra-curricular activities performed(Alexandrou, 2013). The activities performed in this research will vary ideas that make the personal development appraised through educational programs. In this research, certain objectives will link on the background and process that would help an analytical section in learning procedure. In order, my purpose will be to observe the future development programs that would sustain research development through the barriers of learning outcome (Clerkin, 2012). Objectives The scenario in this chapter has a definite link that covers activities performed in improving awareness among people. Personal development sustains a core idea that reflects on people in developing talent and potentials, building human capital and facilitating employability, enhancing life and contributing a better prospect in realizations of dreams (Hunzicker, 2011). The concept involves formal and informal activities to develop the concept in evaluating the role of others. These may include the role of teacher, counselor, manager and mentor. It also supports human behavior through assessment and criteria in building a state that could provide ideas assess on major training programs. Now to evaluate professional development, I would assess criteria that initialize learning opportunities that form coursework and conferences on informal practices. It is also described that learning outcome performed will make a change on professional development that includes consultation, community practices, mentoring, technical assistance, etc. To understand various objectives performed on the planning attributes of personal and professional development are as follows: Personal development involves a primary objective that advances on various attributes of an individuals performance. It ensures components involved on the changing perspective of Holistic events in the achievements of social, emotional and mental stability(Zhang and Wan, 2012). The activities form a strategic growth on the promotions taken place in the development of individuals. These will form a strategic ability in ensuring progressive growth that expertise control on the particular individuals. The objective to look forward on a larger territory would involve practices on acceptable practices that would result from autonomous control and life decisions(Wilson, 2012). Organizations would perform a strategy that would develop training programs for enhancing individuals performance. These programs would also reflect on individuals mental development. Ethically, the idea conveyed in this research would demonstrate components that enhance holistic change in undergoing major developmental change. To link a fundamental idea in this research on the principal places of work, training programs are designed to advance working positions for better development. However, my working position would make a significant impact in promoting professional events for organizations good sake (Wells, 2013). The overall strategy would reflect an aim that how to develop my skills in managing a conflict towards development, knowledge, sustenance and skills. This would make an identification on the general methods that achieves on short-term goals. In order, this will attain a image that how training programs would expertise control in increasing quality of life and make the competition ideal in positioning the market even (Swennen, 2011). The content would bring me that production processes would also reflect a considerable position in achieving the obje ctives and goals for the organizations betterment. The ideas developed in managing a conflict of major interests are as follows: Creating and maintaining a bond has a critical area that develops in forming a party. The common goal measured will establish a strategic position that enhances relationship build on mutual relationships. This ensures the party to be genuine in avoiding negative responses(Sugimura and Mizokami, 2012). The cause of conflict would aim to resolve a better idea that makes the specific cause of differences in common goals of an individual. This could be a good idea measured on political differences that have stability on goals, interest and values on communication. Building a positive relationship would reflect to change opinion on greater benefits. I need to ensure how communication differences have made an agreement in improving a better chance in development procedure. Background The background of the organization has a contemporary change that makes development initiated on the personal development program. I will see a moderate change that how the background of personal and professional development will hold a good experience on the previous experiences attained. A changing perspective in this research would make a thinking prospect in determining the idea conveyed in this empirical research. Due to recognition, personal and professional development initializes how effectiveness of organization would make a command for organizations control. The learning idea would be even, but will hold real alliance in critical learning abilities of organizations betterment. Moreover, there is a provision that holds well on progressive thinking because transformation would be practical to sense effective learning on major development positions (Langston, 2012). The idea reflected in learning outcomes would make a critical thinking ability that would make better decisions. Hence, the decisions made on critical thinking ability would recognize better paths for resistance. The background also makes a critical impact in holding a good territory in achieving goals and enhancing life forward. Thus, a question may arise that how Personal and professional development contributes to assess major goals. The answer of the question says that in building an effective strategy would measure positions in operating a better life. This would also make justifications on cultivating major interests of an individual (Lange and Meaney, 2013). However, the treaty would assess ideas that make development towards better sustenance. Process There are ideas that make the plan successful on critical concepts of implementing a major technique. In this research, I would develop an appropriate plan to study various ethical objectives in the developmental procedure. The developmental activities have also led to good environment practices that subordinate a good planning complexion. I would also make a strategic concept that attains periodic ability in undertaking a major plan on planning and development. The concept would be accomplished to entertain ideas on performance appraisal in ensuring a better plan. Communicating these plans will help to achieve good sustenance on training programs that have a good interest among individuals. The process has a comparative idea to reflect the better change in the development program. This would help to make performances better on a strategic mechanism that is adopted previously. To ensure this plan well, I would also make an application criterion that aims at improving skills of the cu stomer base. These will have a strategic response in measuring the level of customers satisfaction to the good territory. Hence, the desired results will help me to conduct plans based on survey analysis and keep a record of success. The summary of this chapter has reflected a change that makes an analysis of PPD performed ethically (Alirezaei, 2013). The concept brings a gap that would be critical to making a major change. The reflection of this chapter will involve Gap analysis that would be critical in making the implementation developed through a productive plan. Ideas will be developed temporarily. Thus, gap analysis would make an effective area in acquired skills that regards on the developmental plan. In order, training programs and other methods will conduct to make the program appropriate. However, through the event of the poor decision-making process, the concept brings a focus that would restrain policies on personal development. To give a useful idea on activities performed in evaluation would adopt change among individuals in the decision-making process. My focus would be to take an ethical idea that would expertise control on successful implementations of personal development. However, this would ma ke the communication barriers even through the strategic alliance in meeting necessary goals on development and planning. Ideas would be fundamental, but not successive. The reason behind this change would develop communication in ensuring the effectiveness of training programs and continuous appraisals (Bager-Charleson, 2012). However, communication procedure will reflect a trend on accomplishment among major individuals. These would imply that decision-making process, solving problems and ability to ensure proper management routine would monitor planning requirements on professional development (Bleicher, 2013). Thus, a proper idea sustained through ethical practices will develop good practices and training on PPD. Analysis of learning The reflection of learning has a base that reviews learning and developmental activities designed for organizations good support. This will carry a strategic base in making the development process efficient. My opinion on this topic will view that how development needs will make a change prospect on the managerial role of a learning framework (Branch et al. 2012). Thus, the research convention would frame ideas that are as follows: Improving better staff performances Encouraging individuals support Managing support of individuals performance Measuring strategic alliance has a better prospect on tracking and progress Managers would find an ongoing process that makes development to good positions My ability to reflect on various activities of learning and development would find a better position on personal development procedures. This would track a position on the developed ideas of an outcome. I would keep track that how learning analysis will indicate positions on development processes. I will also recognize developmental procedures that evaluate employees ability to major skills, knowledge and behaviors of the organization. This would make a strategy idea on the anticipated gaps of learning comforts. Hence, the aim of the organization would highlight gaps that make the method analytical on change strategy and developmental procedure. To make the process developed through a strategic ability, I would be very honest in making decisions that have an outlook on personal, personal and critical interests. The expected idea to develop skills and knowledge would plan the teaching area through the analytical base in the research context. These are as follows: Individuals must reflect to learners instinct through various achievements made on planning and behavior. Student should have an extra support in helping teachers to support planning ideas. These may be involved on major groups and the individuals support on major interventions(Clerkin, 2012). The functional groups would make course works that have a reflection in seeking improvements on course work, curriculum activities, theories, etc. Thus, the idea in this research would vary through various group discussions that make the learning outcomes successful. A major change will show a good reflection in this research through performance measurement. However, the building process on my adventure of learning will describe higher reflection in describing a major failure. To overcome this failure, I would apply various development policies that would sustain a good change in the learning environment (Hudson, 2013). These changes may be associated with ideas that have a good framework for skills, knowledge, programs, and others. Future development The ideas conveyed in this research would make an eventful strategy in developing learning ideas on the future prospect. I would summarize the ideas that make the research appropriate in making clear justifications of the research. To give a clear prospect in ensuring better needs of an individual would vary through objectives and processes of this research that are described above. Personal development holds a major objective in this research and has a strategic alliance on individuals performance. I would make a change strategy that overcomes barriers on organizations control and development. Future developments have a significant influence on the promotional requirements that achieves emotional stability on growth and development. This will look forward to progressive results in future development programs. However, it is seen that organizations have a strategic ability in enhancing future development programs. This would make the organization successful. I would revise a change o n future programs on learning and development that would balance the territories through major adaptations. Prioritizing individuals would make the organization fulfilled through the development and engaging a strategic alliance to meet better priorities. Hence, this would provide a mechanism for adapting change on workforce and organizations control. The ideas on future development programs would make a comparative idea of learning strategies of the professional development plan. This would integrate into making corporate objectives and leveraging the solution through innovation and technology. The ideas that have made an effect to consider the capabilities indicate to make development even. Moreover, the learning professionals have made an effective idea that would provide an effective approach to individuals success. However, this has a considerable position that holds well on learning strategies for the betterment of success in PPD (Hunzicker, 2011). My suggestion would be to adopt changes that put strategically forward on various communication strategies of future development among individuals. The learning process would be more realistic if approaches are justified on an even note. This would form a strategic base where technology has optimized most resources to understand different trends of learning. To see a major change would make distinctive learning styles that cater experiences among individuals performance. I would also implement educational programs that cater credentials required for future development in learning phenomenon. A meaningful idea would make the orientation developed in emphasizing imperatives such as school presentation, technical skills, and creative thinking. Hence, this shows that learning idea on personal and professional development would sustain a good environment in future development positions (Jones and OBrien, 2011). Account of learning Journey This has a critical atmosphere linked to learning and ideas. My work would be reveal ides that make the learning experiences significant from the past. I would suggest in this area that how I have assessed better position in making interactions with others. Theoretically, the reflection shows an ethical value that adds up how learning outlook has changed a moderate way on personal and professional development programs. A major change in learning experiences will reflect values that will increase professional ideas in development procedure. Now, my area of concern is to overlook on justified ideas that make the research appropriate. Hence, to master key areas of learning will effectively experience ideas from the past. However, the topic shows a relative position of making variable impacts that have good learning environment undertaken. I would identify certain areas that look on the common themes of various strengths and weaknesses in professional development. My suggestion on reflec tive ideas of learning would convey through the learning styles developed on my working part. To take into account, the effort sustained on learning ideas would indicate areas in making the research eventful. On the contrary, I would make application criteria that base in moderating the research successfully. Major implementations have been taken in this research to evaluate areas of learning styles that observe a hypothetical research in this chapter. Moreover, the individual has a definite image to vary their learning programs on applying innovative ideas. A common way of making the research evident is to justify positions that make the learning outcomes of persona development ethical. I would make various approaches that will satisfy the individuals on learning. This includes visual, aural, verbal, physical, logical, social and solitary methods of learning. I would indicate a productive idea that would make the strategy better on visual impair that includes using materials like pictures, images and through spatial understanding. The aural would prefer in communicating through music or sound. Verbal prefers using words that are expressed in speech and writing. I would also make a strategy where logical learning style involves using logic or reasoning problems. The strategy has a better implication, which conveys messages in learning groups preferred on groups and self-study. On an account that satisfies most individuals who prefer good opportunities and development would take maximum advantages in development. This would primarily reflect the conventions that achieve major goals for the organization. The goals have modified to a greater territory in making individuals moderate on professional development. They have moved to newer ideas that make their treaty successful through various skills, knowledge, ethics and concepts. The varying area would also be particular that highlights areas of PPD to make it the research successful. My advent would see a changing area that how drastically these experiences have complemented with one another. This is because individuals give a good response in entering to the educational field by pursuing knowledge on them. Learning has made a moderate way by applying new technologies, innovations, good infrastructural facilities, and a good learning atmosphere would make better changes in future. Thus, these innovative plans will lead to new developments in the journey of personal and professional development of learning. Conclusion In this research, the ideas demonstrated would form an ethical concept varied on performances of an individual. These would differ kinds of learning styles that reflect a good environment in future. I have applied various changes on opportunities and strengths to make personal and professional development even. This would experience a change treaty on the major objectives that make successful changes on learning outcomes. I have made a provision for this research through development policies in maintaining a bond to build relationship among individuals. Moreover, I have made an analysis that accounts for processes on communication and learning. Thus, the research highlights through the analytical position of learning through future development procedures and a reflective account justified on learning styles performed ethically. Reference List: Alexandrou, A. (2013). Teachers learning: professional development and education. Professional Development in Education, 40(2), pp.322-324. Alirezaei, R. (2013). Professional SharePoint 2013 development. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Bager-Charleson, S. (2012). Personal development in counselling and psychotherapy. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage. Bleicher, R. (2013). A collaborative action research approach to professional learning. Professional Development in Education, 40(5), pp.802-821. Branch, R., Burn, G., Wilson, R. and Platts, B. (2012). Personal development all-in-one for dummies. Chichester, UK: Wiley. Clerkin, A. (2012). Personal development in secondary education: the Irish Transition Year. education policy analysis archives, 20(0), p.38. Hudson, P. (2013). Mentoring as professional development: growth for both mentor and mentee. Professional Development in Education, 39(5), pp.771-783. Hunzicker, J. (2011). Effective professional development for teachers: a checklist. Professional Development in Education, 37(2), pp.177-179. Jones, K. and OBrien, J. (2011). Professional development in teacher education: European perspectives. Professional Development in Education, 37(5), pp.645-650. Kidd, W. and Murray, J. (2013). Using emerging technologies to develop professional learning. Professional Development in Education, 39(2), pp.165-167. Lange, T. and Meaney, T. (2013). Professional development facilitators: reflecting on our practice. Professional Development in Education, 39(4), pp.531-549. Langston, A. (2012). Areas of Learning and Development: Prime area: Personal, Social and Emotional Development. Nursery World, 2012(4). Sugimura, K. and Mizokami, S. (2012). Personal identity in Japan. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2012(138), pp.123-143. Swennen, A. (2011). Crossing national and cultural borders in professional development research. Professional Development in Education, 37(4), pp.477-481. Wells, M. (2013). Elements of effective and sustainable professional learning. Professional Development in Education, 40(3), pp.488-504. Wilson, R. (2012). The Development of Risk Analysis: A Personal Perspective. Risk Analysis, 32(12), pp.2010-2019. Zhang, F. and Wan, J. (2012). Personal Future Transport Development. AMR, 588-589, pp.2105-2107. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-13806237358792851492019-11-30T07:20:00.001-08:002019-11-30T07:20:03.040-08:00Sociology of Everyday Life Sociologists and philosophers have developed a number of theories to explain everyday life and other related issues such as social relations, face to face interactions, the construction and conception of social realities among others. While some sociologists believe that every day life is a stream of disorganized events, others contradict this view and propose that daily events are deliberately contracted.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology of Everyday Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is among the many definitions of sociology of everyday life (Allan 53). The sociology of everyday life is important to the study of Sociology since it enables sociologist to understand the complexities of everyday life and the factors that determine social interactions. Harold Garfinkel and Erving Goffman are among major sociologists who have contributed to the study of sociology of every day life. Goffman and Garfi nkel agree that there exist social rules which govern daily lives. By following these rules, people become actors. Furthermore, through daily interactions people express themselves. Therefore, Garfinkelââ¬â¢s and Goffmanââ¬â¢s contributions are vital to the understanding the sociology of everyday life Garfinkelââ¬â¢s and Goffmanââ¬â¢s ideologies on the sociology of daily life have been interpreted differently by critics. However, the two sociologists agree that through social interactions, societies are made (Allan 257). Garfinkel and Goffman further agree that there exist rules which govern how people interact. These rules are socially constructed and are the basis of establishing a well ordered society. Goffmanian school of thought postulates that social rules are useful in daily life interactions since they not only help in directing social interactions but also help people to make ââ¬Å"social meaning and the definition of the selfâ⬠(Maynard 278). In this rega rd, Goffmanian school of thought suggests that self identity is created through social interactions. To explain this concept, Goffman uses heterosexuals as examples and suggest that heterosexuals can determine how people perceive them by managing how they appear in public. According to Garfinkel daily interactions are governed by preexisting rules which cannot be easily changed (Allan 83). This implies that the society is made up of rigid rules, whose adherence determines how people fit into it. Garfinkel and Goffman acknowledge that societies cannot exist without rules. Furthermore, both Goffman and Garfinkel focus on the relationship between people and these rules. Both Garfinkel and Goffman postulate that peopleââ¬â¢s lives are governed by existing rules. This suggests that people are actors in every day life. Goffman suggest that rules enable people to conduct daily interactions. By asserting that rules are interactions enablers, Goffman elevates people above the rules.Advert ising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means that social rules exist to serve the complex and dynamic nature of human interactions needs. As such, the rules can change or be violated as human needs evolve. Goffman adds that violating the rules does not threaten social interactions but enables actors to derive new social meanings. As such, through social interactions, people portray their self-centeredness (Allan 56). Similarly, Garfinkel explains that social interactions occur within rigid social rules. However, Garfinkel contradicts Goffman and explains that social norms do not change within the course of interaction. As such people become actors since they follow predetermined social norms. This implies that, unlike Goffman, Garfinkel elevates social rules above the actor. As such, the rules do not exist to serve the actor but to govern the way the actors conduct daily interactions ( Maynard 278). Therefore, actors have to continuously learn what the society requires of them so as to maintain social order. Both Garfinkel and Goffman assert that daily interactions are a way of expressing the self. Garfinkelian school of thought postulates that a person is made up of two major components; personality and the self. These components donââ¬â¢t evolve but are constructed. The self is different from the personality. Sociology does not explain personality since the personality is not constructed socially. Rather, it is constructed psychologically. On the other hand, psychology cannot explain the self since the self is constructed socially. Therefore, self identity is constructed through the sociology of everyday life. Garfinkelian school of thought concludes that daily interactions not only help to construct but also to express the self (Allan 54). Similarly, Goffmanian school of thought stipulates that the self is expressed through social interactions. The self is c overt and the only way it can be revealed is through face-to-face interactions. Through these interactions, people give social signal which reveal personal traits. These social signals help others form notions about us (Allan 157). As such, Garfinkel and Goffman suggest that social interactions not only help in forming self identity but also expressing it. Garfinkel and Goffman have made major contributions to sociology of everyday life, with significant effects on the wider field of sociology. The two sociologists have asserted that the society is a product of social interactions since people construct and derive meaning through face to face interactions. Within the process of daily interactions, there exist rules which govern how people interact. As such, people become actors. Social interactions are also significant since they not only enable people to express themselves but also in contracting self identity. Despite the fact that Garfinkel and Goffman differ on some aspects, the ir theories have made significant contribution to sociology of everyday life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology of Everyday Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Allan, Kenneth. Contemporary Social and Sociological Theory: Visualizing Social ` Words. Thousands Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press, 2010. Print. Maynard, Douglas. ââ¬Å"Goffman, Garfinkel, and Games.â⬠Sociological Theory 9.2 (1991): ` 277-279. Web. This essay on Sociology of Everyday Life was written and submitted by user Zoe Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-26382759793392292592019-11-26T01:54:00.001-08:002019-11-26T01:54:03.707-08:00Acid Base Science Fair Project IdeasAcid Base Science Fair Project Ideas Are you looking for a science fair idea involving acids, bases, or pH? Here are some ideas to get you started: Measure the amount of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in orange juice (or another juice). Test to see how the amount of vitamin C changes after the juice is exposed to air (or light or heat).Simulate acid rain by adding an acid to water. You can use pH paper to test whether the acidity is changed after water runs through different types of soil or through plant root systems.Is the acidity of apples (malic acid) affected by their ripeness?See if you can make your own pH indicator from common plants or chemicals.Measure the pH of common acidic beverages (soft drinks, lemonade, orange juice, tomato juice, milk, etc.) and examine how easily they corrode metal (such as iron). Another idea: which is more corrosive? A salt solution or an acidic liquid?Do all brands of orange juice contain the same amount of ascorbic acid?Compare the effects of different acidic fruit juices and liquids (e.g., vinegar) at preventing apple browning.Which animals saliva has the lowest pH? You could test humans, dogs, cats, possibly other species. What is the effect of pH on growth or survivability of daphnia (an aquatic crustacean)? You could test other factors too, such as salinity or the presence of detergent in the water.How does the pH of the water affect tadpole development?Does acid rain (real or simulated) affect the number and type of organelles seen in algae under the microscope?Which is a better conductor of electricity, an acid or a base?Does the pH of water affect the growth or survivability of mosquito larvae? sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-55724229578345641792019-11-22T09:17:00.001-08:002019-11-22T09:17:03.082-08:00Air Blue The group is supposed to first analyze and then recommend the Vision and Mission statements based upon the characteristics discussed in text. Assignment #2 Report on Industry Analysis This assignment would encompass the following components: a. Introduction and History of the allocated industry. b. PEST Analysis and conclusion on industry attractiveness. c. Industry scanning using the Porterââ¬â¢s five force model and conclude on prevailing competition level. d. Make a list of opportunities and threats present in the industry emerging out of PEST Analysis and Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Model in relation to allocated company. e. Make EFE Matrix of the company and interpret its result. f. Identify and make a list of CSFââ¬â¢s of the industry . Identify companyââ¬â¢s major competitors and make CPM Assignment # 3 Report on Company Analysis On the allocated company from within the respective industry, each group is required to develop: a. Perform Strategic internal audit of the company of the following departments as per the guidelines given in the prescribed text book i. Marketing ii. Finance iii. RD iv. Accounting v. MIS vi. HR b. Complete internal audit and make list of key Strengths and Weaknesses of the company. c. Make IFE Matrix of the company and interpret its result. . Make SWOT analysis of the company and interpret its overall findings. Assignment # 4 A-Long Term Objectives In light of vision and Mission statement and SWOT analysis develop:- i. Long Term Financial Strategic Objectives of the company ii. Long Term Non-Financial Strategic Objectives of the company a B-Strategic Analysis and Choice I. Inputs stage This stage involves development of EFE matrix, CPM and IFE Matrix that has already been covered in assignment 1 to 3. (Just include findings) II. Matching Stage In this stage it is required to develop at least three out of the five matrices discussed below: i. SWOT matrix so as to develop four strategic scenarios (SO, ST. WO. WT) ii. SPACE Matrix for determining the organizationââ¬â¢s overall strategic position. iii. BCG (If required) so as to determine the relative contribution of different divisions in terms of market share and industry growth. iv. IE Matrix using IFE and EFE scores ( done previously) v. Grand Strategy Matrix for formulating alternative strategy Set of feasible strategies emerging out of matching tools which company can consider for decision stage ? FINAL PROJECT REPORT PRESENTATION B-Strategic Analysis and Choice III. Decision Stage i. Compare all strategies included in sets of feasible strategies using QSPM of the allocated company. ii. Use excel spreadsheet for developing QSPM in order to evaluate the best alternative strategies set. This would require using the results from the input and the matching stage. Identify most attractive Strategies Using QSPM scores identify the most attractive strategies set to be followed by the company under the prevailing circumstances. Strategy Implementation i. Arrange the most attractive strategies sets in order of their priority in implementation to achieve companyââ¬â¢s strategic goals ii. Specify the action plan that you are going to work on for implementation purpose for each strategy. iii. In order to implement any strategy you need to develop its annual objectives, policies and focus on the resources and other management issues that you may require your attention Evaluation and Control i. Specify the steps and measures to be taken for checking the effectiveness of the each strategy set after they are implemented. ii. Specify corrective actions to be taken in case of positive or negative variances for each strategy set. Conclusion i. Write a short note (1/2 Page) on how do you see the future of this company in next 5 years down the road specially with reference to your overall analysis and Strategy set that you have recommended. ii. Write down what Lessons you have learned from this project. Special Note: If required students can easily transfer these assignments and project into final MBA project by adding more articles, updated industry and company data, and surveys about the strategies being pursued by the company. You can round up your MBA project by making a complete strategic business plan of the company for the next 3 years in light of your recommended strategies Reports format and presentation instructions IMPORTANT NOTE : ALL REPORTS ARE TO BE SUBMITTED ON DESIGNATED DAY AND TIME WHICH WILL BE ANNOUNCED BY THE INSTRUCTOR ââ¬âTHERE IS NO CONCEPT OF LATE SUBMISSION Students are advised to strictly follow these instructions while compiling their assignment or final project reports, or making presentations (any deviation will result in deduction of marks): â⬠¢Reports should be laser printed on A4 size (white) paper. â⬠¢New Times Roman with font size 12 for the main body, Font size 14 bold for the sub heading, Font size16 bold for the main headings. Line spacing 1. 5 lines. Left justified â⬠¢The title page of the report must contain: 1. Name and Logo of UCP 2. Title of the course and Section 3. Name of Industry 4. Company Name 5. Group members names and registration numbers 6. Name of the instructor 7. Date and Time of submission â⬠¢Due references must be made where required in form of bibliography in APA style. ( Check the details of APA style of referencing on net) â⬠¢Plagiarism would lead to negative marking or cancellation of the project. â⬠¢Check spelling and grammar using MS Word spell check. â⬠¢Presentation time would be 20 minutes followed by Q/A session in which each group member must participate. It should be on PPT slides. â⬠¢Presentation should entail a brief summary of the industry and allocated assignments. Air Blue The group is supposed to first analyze and then recommend the Vision and Mission statements based upon the characteristics discussed in text. Assignment #2 Report on Industry Analysis This assignment would encompass the following components: a. Introduction and History of the allocated industry. b. PEST Analysis and conclusion on industry attractiveness. c. Industry scanning using the Porterââ¬â¢s five force model and conclude on prevailing competition level. d. Make a list of opportunities and threats present in the industry emerging out of PEST Analysis and Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Model in relation to allocated company. e. Make EFE Matrix of the company and interpret its result. f. Identify and make a list of CSFââ¬â¢s of the industry . Identify companyââ¬â¢s major competitors and make CPM Assignment # 3 Report on Company Analysis On the allocated company from within the respective industry, each group is required to develop: a. Perform Strategic internal audit of the company of the following departments as per the guidelines given in the prescribed text book i. Marketing ii. Finance iii. RD iv. Accounting v. MIS vi. HR b. Complete internal audit and make list of key Strengths and Weaknesses of the company. c. Make IFE Matrix of the company and interpret its result. . Make SWOT analysis of the company and interpret its overall findings. Assignment # 4 A-Long Term Objectives In light of vision and Mission statement and SWOT analysis develop:- i. Long Term Financial Strategic Objectives of the company ii. Long Term Non-Financial Strategic Objectives of the company a B-Strategic Analysis and Choice I. Inputs stage This stage involves development of EFE matrix, CPM and IFE Matrix that has already been covered in assignment 1 to 3. (Just include findings) II. Matching Stage In this stage it is required to develop at least three out of the five matrices discussed below: i. SWOT matrix so as to develop four strategic scenarios (SO, ST. WO. WT) ii. SPACE Matrix for determining the organizationââ¬â¢s overall strategic position. iii. BCG (If required) so as to determine the relative contribution of different divisions in terms of market share and industry growth. iv. IE Matrix using IFE and EFE scores ( done previously) v. Grand Strategy Matrix for formulating alternative strategy Set of feasible strategies emerging out of matching tools which company can consider for decision stage ? FINAL PROJECT REPORT PRESENTATION B-Strategic Analysis and Choice III. Decision Stage i. Compare all strategies included in sets of feasible strategies using QSPM of the allocated company. ii. Use excel spreadsheet for developing QSPM in order to evaluate the best alternative strategies set. This would require using the results from the input and the matching stage. Identify most attractive Strategies Using QSPM scores identify the most attractive strategies set to be followed by the company under the prevailing circumstances. Strategy Implementation i. Arrange the most attractive strategies sets in order of their priority in implementation to achieve companyââ¬â¢s strategic goals ii. Specify the action plan that you are going to work on for implementation purpose for each strategy. iii. In order to implement any strategy you need to develop its annual objectives, policies and focus on the resources and other management issues that you may require your attention Evaluation and Control i. Specify the steps and measures to be taken for checking the effectiveness of the each strategy set after they are implemented. ii. Specify corrective actions to be taken in case of positive or negative variances for each strategy set. Conclusion i. Write a short note (1/2 Page) on how do you see the future of this company in next 5 years down the road specially with reference to your overall analysis and Strategy set that you have recommended. ii. Write down what Lessons you have learned from this project. Special Note: If required students can easily transfer these assignments and project into final MBA project by adding more articles, updated industry and company data, and surveys about the strategies being pursued by the company. You can round up your MBA project by making a complete strategic business plan of the company for the next 3 years in light of your recommended strategies Reports format and presentation instructions IMPORTANT NOTE : ALL REPORTS ARE TO BE SUBMITTED ON DESIGNATED DAY AND TIME WHICH WILL BE ANNOUNCED BY THE INSTRUCTOR ââ¬âTHERE IS NO CONCEPT OF LATE SUBMISSION Students are advised to strictly follow these instructions while compiling their assignment or final project reports, or making presentations (any deviation will result in deduction of marks): â⬠¢Reports should be laser printed on A4 size (white) paper. â⬠¢New Times Roman with font size 12 for the main body, Font size 14 bold for the sub heading, Font size16 bold for the main headings. Line spacing 1. 5 lines. Left justified â⬠¢The title page of the report must contain: 1. Name and Logo of UCP 2. Title of the course and Section 3. Name of Industry 4. Company Name 5. Group members names and registration numbers 6. Name of the instructor 7. Date and Time of submission â⬠¢Due references must be made where required in form of bibliography in APA style. ( Check the details of APA style of referencing on net) â⬠¢Plagiarism would lead to negative marking or cancellation of the project. â⬠¢Check spelling and grammar using MS Word spell check. â⬠¢Presentation time would be 20 minutes followed by Q/A session in which each group member must participate. It should be on PPT slides. â⬠¢Presentation should entail a brief summary of the industry and allocated assignments. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-28915098596181684682019-11-20T22:13:00.001-08:002019-11-20T22:13:03.330-08:00Global City Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsGlobal City - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the term ââ¬ËGlobal Cityââ¬â¢ was first used by Saskia Sassen in her book of the same name to refer to London, New York, and Tokyo. Many more cities across the world have now been added to this list. The pre-conditions for a city to be considered global are, among others, size; being the location for the headquarters of financial institutions that play a central role in international financial markets and capital flows; having many important international flights in and out of its airports; being a center that attracts world-class managers and having local facilities capable of providing these managerial skills; having a highly developed system of transportation and communication; and being a global hub for cultural activities, sports, and educational pursuits. A global city would be an El Dorado sought out by many, and therefore would have thriving immigrant communities. If a truly global city sneezed, the rest of the world woul d indeed catch a cold! A global city captures ââ¬Å"cultural imaginationâ⬠, and ââ¬Å" it would be one, people look to as portents of things to come; when youââ¬â¢re in one, you feel connected to the world, when you look on one from afar, you feel youââ¬â¢re seeing the future.â⬠A global city, to retain its premier position in the world economy, would be under constant pressure to provide goods and services of a high quality at competitive prices.à sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-21875761168068040832019-11-19T02:46:00.001-08:002019-11-19T02:46:04.534-08:00French revolution, social revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsFrench revolution, social revolution - Essay Example As a result, the government could not levy enough tax to fill in the deficit as the citizenââ¬â¢s anger grew. While the nobles got exempted, peasant with big chunks of land was handed the heaviest tax weight of all. Secondly, there was food scarcity. Food failures in that time led to high prices of bread. The parliament was dominated by the nobility, so despite the efforts of Louis XV and Louis XVI to tax them, it only resulted to resistance from the law courts. When all attempts failed in 1788, the king summoned the estates general, who was the first since 1614 which would meet in 1789. The king wanted them to meet the modern way, but parliamentarians decided they would meet the same way as 1614. Society had changed in 200 years, and the bourgeoisie was the people with the money, now money was their power/ advantage to seize the power they so much wanted to have. Effects: In France, the bourgeois and the land owning classes emerged as the dominating power. Feudalism was dead; social order and relations were strengthened by the Coda Napoleon. The revolution unified France and improved the power of the national state. The revolution and the Napoleonic wars changed the structure of Europe and initiated the era of modern total warfare. Although few historians see the rule of terror as a hostile precursor of present-day totalitarianism, other argue that this ignores the vital role played by the revolution in establishing an example of such democratic institutions as elections and constitutions. The failed ventures of the urban lower middle class to secure economic and political gains foreshadowed the class conflicts of the 19th century. While major historical interpretations of the French revolution differ greatly, almost all agree it had an extraordinary influence of the modern world. This French revolution maybe seen as a prototype for modern social revolution in a way that has seen many similar circumstances of social revolutions. In her book, Theda Skocpol sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-62468896891564755872019-11-16T15:18:00.001-08:002019-11-16T15:18:06.296-08:00Managing People and Organisation Essay Example for Free Managing People and Organisation Essay The purpose of this report to analyze the current situation in Shenzhen Filtroil and propose specific recommendation for the successful future management of Shenzhen Filtroil and its employee team. And work out detailed implementation plan. The report includes 5 key parts: 1. Analysis of external environments (PEST) and internal environments (SWOT) in which Shenzhen Filtroil operates. Key implication for people and organization in this sector. PEST and SWOT (Appendix). 2. Analysis the organization structure and organization culture of Shenzhen Filtroil. Key implication of this analyze for the successful future management of Shenzhen Filtroil and its employees. 3. Taking in to account national culture differences, analysis of leadership and management styles and capabilities as well as the employee team in Shenzhen Filtroil. Key implication of this analyze for the successful future management of Shenzhen Filtroil and its employees. 4. Recommendation for best of four options for the future, offered by Leahman and Randolph, and explanation why has made this choice. 5. Specific recommendations for the successful future management of Shenzhen Filtroil and its employee team. Include detailed implementation plan. (Appendix). The following key recommendations for the successful future management of Shenzhen Filtroil and its employee team: * Keep Core groups of workers * Keep Core business * Create Flexible Labor Force * Workers can be transferred to different activities and task * Take into account cultural differentiation of China and US management style * Change management style Part 1. Analysis of external environments (PEST) and internal environments (SWOT) in which Shenzhen Filtroil operates. Key implication for people and organization in this sector. PEST and SWOT (Appendix) For External and Internal environments we will use the Concentric Circle Framework depicts three levels of analysis necessary to the understanding of management of people and organizations in Shenzhen Filtroil. MACRO: Analysis of the global external environments in which Shenzhen Filtroil operates sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8667217183034956439.post-7236785589081316372019-11-14T03:50:00.001-08:002019-11-14T03:50:04.986-08:00Piaget and Vygotsky: The Psychology of Cognitive Development EssayThis essay concerns the psychology of cognitive development. Cognitive development can be explained in terms of the acquisition, construction and progressive change in thought processes such as memory, problem-solving and decision-making that occurs from childhood to adulthood (in Smith, P.K., Cowie, H & Blades, M. 2003). Major pioneers in this area and whose work has been the foundation of much research in cognitive psychology are among Jean Piagetââ¬â¢s (1926) and Lev Vygotksyââ¬â¢s (1978). A common understanding between the two rest on the idea that cognitive development in children occurs through stages, however, their approach in identifying these stages highly differ (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Piagetââ¬â¢s account of cognitive development has been one of the many influential theories of time, receiving great recognition and popularity. According to Piaget children possess an innate capacity to learn human language and skills and are born with and acquire schemas (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Schemas are an internal representation of our surroundings which construct of a framework of cognitive processes that help us organise or interpret situations formal (in Passer, M., Smith, R., Holt, N., Bremner, A., Sutherland, E., & Vliek, M. 2009). Piaget proposed that cognitive development was restricted if schemas did not reach a threshold level (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). In addition, Piaget further theorised that children actively construct their own world as a means of understanding their environment. The more actively engaged a child is with their environment, the more they will learn (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Along with this, Piaget contended that children need to be psychologically mature in order to understand the world a... ...ialisation (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Moreover, Siegler, (1986 in Passer, M. et al., 2009) argued that Piagetââ¬â¢s stages seemed to be incompatible with reality claiming that children are able to perform tasks that are ascribed to a specific stage in a different stage therefore not being consistent with Piagetââ¬â¢s assumptions. In conclusion, it is evident that both Piaget and Vygotsky acknowledge cognitive development in children as a process and view the child as an active learner. However, it is important that we distinguish between their different stages of development. Works Cited Smith, P.K., Cowie, H. & Baldes, M. (2003). Understanding childrenââ¬â¢s development. (4th ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. Passer, M., Smith, R., Holt, N., Bremner, A., Sutherland, E., & Vliek, M. (2009). Psychology; Science of Mind and Behaviour. (European Edition). New York. sandywagner128http://www.blogger.com/profile/18102467258999477066noreply@blogger.com0